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Ana > Ch 19 Lec 1 - Endocrine System > Flashcards

Ch 19 Lec 1 - Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

endocrine system is blank with blank effects

A

slow, long term

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2
Q

endocrine system is interrelated with the blank system

A

nervous

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3
Q

the blank directly innervates the endocrine system

A

hypothalamus

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4
Q

hormones produced by specialized cell and carried in blood stream

A

ductless system

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5
Q

exocrine uses a blank

A

duct

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6
Q

endocrine hormones go to blank

A

everywhere

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7
Q

substance synthesized by a specific organ or tissue and secreted

A

hormones

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8
Q

blood carries hormones to other sites which is called blank

A

endocrine signaling

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9
Q

hormones secreted into extracellular spaces which is called blank

A

paracrine signaling

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10
Q

hormones act on blank

A

target cells

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11
Q

target cells have specific blank for specific hormones

A

receptors

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12
Q

four categories of hormones

A

steroids, peptides, amines, eicosanoids

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13
Q

hormones that are made of cholesterol and non polar

A

steroids

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14
Q

hormones that are polar

A

peptides

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15
Q

hormones that are derived from amino acids and are polar or non polar

A

amines

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16
Q

hormones that are mostly non polar and are paracrine signals

A

eicosanoids

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17
Q

steroids can cross blank

A

membranes

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18
Q

derived from tyrosine or tryptophan

A

amine hormones

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19
Q

some are membrane blank and others are not

A

soluble

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20
Q

most important amine hormones are made by blank and blank

A

thyroid, adrenal medulla

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21
Q

short chaiins of amino acids and are too big to cross membranes and are all pituitary hormones

A

peptide hormones

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22
Q

control of hormone secretion is an example of blank

A

negative feedback

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23
Q

in negative feedback, blank is established and it works just like a blank

A

homeostasis, furnace

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24
Q

hypothalamus sends signals to the body and the blank gland

A

pituitary

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25
Q

pituitary gland is the most important endocrine gland for blank

A

regulation

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26
Q

two lobes of pituitary gland

A

posterior, anterior

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27
Q

posterior lobe of pituitary gland does not make any blank

A

hormones

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28
Q

posterior lobe of pituitary is mostly for blank

A

hypothalamic axons

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29
Q

anterior lobe of pituitary has blank types of endocrine cells

A

five

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30
Q

two hypothalamic regulatory hormones of the anterior pituitary lobe

A

releasing, inhibiting

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31
Q

eicoanoids are mostly blank and are blank

A

non polar, prostaglandins

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32
Q

posterior pituitary hormone that causes contraction of muscles in uterine walls

A

oxytocin

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33
Q

oxytocin also causes muscles associated with milk ejection to blank as well as prostate gland

A

contract

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34
Q

oxytocin is significant in blank bonding

A

emotional

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35
Q

posterior pituitary hormone that caused kidney to decrease water excretion

A

antidiuretic hormon

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36
Q

antidiuretic hormone increased blank

A

blood volume

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37
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that causes increase in melatonin secretion

A

melanocyte stimulating hormone

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38
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that causes tested to produce sperm, follicular development in ovary and stimulate secretion of estrogen

A

follicle stimulating hormone

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39
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that promotes secretion of sex hormones and releases oocyte

A

luteinizing hormone

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40
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that increases size and rate of reproduction of body cells like muscles and bones

A

growth hormone

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41
Q

growth hormone is secreted throughout life but increases at blank

A

puberty

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42
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that controls secretion of thyroid hormone

A

thyroid stimulating hormone

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43
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that targets mammary tissue to produce milk

A

prolactin

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44
Q

anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroids

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

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45
Q

two lobes and isthmus connecting this gland

A

thyroid

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46
Q

thyroid is inferior to blank

A

larynx

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47
Q

thyroid has blank cells

A

follicular

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48
Q

follicular cells remove blank from blood

A

iodine

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49
Q

follicular cells secrete blank

A

T3 and T4

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50
Q

thyroid has blank cells as well

A

parafollicular

51
Q

parafollicular cells make blank

A

calcitonin

52
Q

thyroxine is made by follicular cells and is blank

A

T4

53
Q

T3 is a thyroid hormone called

A

triiodothyronine

54
Q

thyroxine is for blank

A

growth

55
Q

triiodothyronine is same as T4 but is blank times more potent

A

five

56
Q

parafollicular cell that is for decreasing calcium

A

calcitonin

57
Q

parathyroid glands are on the blank surface of thyroid

A

posterior

58
Q

parathyroid gland makes blank hormone which increased blood calcium

A

parathyroid hormone

59
Q

parathyroid glands have blank cells which produce parathyroid hormone

A

chief cells

60
Q

melatonin helps with blank

A

circadian rhythms

61
Q

pineal gland makes blank

A

melatonin

62
Q

thisis in the epithalamus and produces pineacytes

A

pineal gland

63
Q

this prepares body for pregnancy

A

progesterone

64
Q

the corpus luteum produces these two things

A

estrogens, progesterone

65
Q

follicles produce these two things

A

estrogen, inhibin

66
Q

post ovulation part of female gonads

A

corpus luteum

67
Q

pre ovulation part of female gonads

A

follicles

68
Q

these have follicles and the corpus luteum

A

female gonads

69
Q

these cells secrete inhibin which stimulates sperm creation

A

nurse cells

70
Q

male gonads have these two cells

A

interstitial, nurse

71
Q

these secrete androgens like testosterone in male gonads

A

instersitial cells

72
Q

pancreas cells that make somatostatin which inhibits glucagon and insulin secretion

A

delta

73
Q

pancreas cells that make insulin

A

beta

74
Q

pancreas cells that make glucagon

A

alpha

75
Q

three cells of pancreas

A

alpha, beta, delta

76
Q

pancreas has blank which are for endocrine function

A

islets of langerhans

77
Q

this is posterior to the stomach and is attached to a duodenum by a duct and is exocrine and endocrine

A

pancreas

78
Q

this is in the heart and suppresses aldosterone and decreases blood volume and blood pressure

A

atrial natriuretic peptide

79
Q

this increases absorption of digested calcium

A

calcitrol

80
Q

this is for erythrocyte production

A

erythropoietin

81
Q

this starts cascade to increase blood pressure

A

renin

82
Q

kidney has these three things in it

A

renin, erythropoietin, calcitriol

83
Q

adrenal medulla makes these

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine

84
Q

this adrenal gland is separate from adrenal cortex and has chromaffin cells which are modified postganglionic cells of the SNS

A

adrenal medulla

85
Q

adrenal cortex gland that produces androgens and is for secondary sex characteristics

A

reticularis

86
Q

adrenal cortex gland that produces cortisol and is for glycogen formation

A

fasciculata

87
Q

adrenal cortex gland that produces aldosterone and is for sodium retention

A

glomerulosa

88
Q

adrenal cortex is made up of these three adrenal glands

A

glomerulosa, fasciculata, reticularis

89
Q

thymus is most active in blank

A

childhood

90
Q

thymus produces blank

A

thymosin

91
Q

gland in the thoracic cavity that is posterior to the sternum and enhances lymphocyte production and competence

A

thymus

92
Q

gland in the thoracic cavity that is posterior to the sternum and enhances lymphocyte production and competence

A

thymus

92
Q

thymus produces blank

A

thymosin

92
Q

thymus is most active in blank

A

childhood

92
Q

adrenal cortex is made up of these three adrenal glands

A

glomerulosa, fasciculata, reticularis

92
Q

adrenal cortex gland that produces aldosterone and is for sodium retention

A

glomerulosa

92
Q

adrenal cortex gland that produces cortisol and is for glycogen formation

A

fasciculata

92
Q

adrenal cortex gland that produces androgens and is for secondary sex characteristics

A

reticularis

92
Q

this adrenal gland is separate from adrenal cortex and has chromaffin cells which are modified postganglionic cells of the SNS

A

adrenal medulla

92
Q

adrenal medulla makes these

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine

92
Q

kidney has these three things in it

A

renin, erythropoietin, calcitriol

92
Q

this starts cascade to increase blood pressure

A

renin

92
Q

this is for erythrocyte production

A

erythropoietin

92
Q

this increases absorption of digested calcium

A

calcitrol

92
Q

this is in the heart and suppresses aldosterone and decreases blood volume and blood pressure

A

atrial natriuretic peptide

92
Q

this is posterior to the stomach and is attached to a duodenum by a duct and is exocrine and endocrine

A

pancreas

92
Q

pancreas has blank which are for endocrine function

A

islets of langerhans

92
Q

three cells of pancreas

A

alpha, beta, delta

92
Q

pancreas cells that make glucagon

A

alpha

92
Q

pancreas cells that make insulin

A

beta

92
Q

pancreas cells that make somatostatin which inhibits glucagon and insulin secretion

A

delta

92
Q

these secrete androgens like testosterone in male gonads

A

instersitial cells

92
Q

male gonads have these two cells

A

interstitial, nurse

92
Q

these cells secrete inhibin which stimulates sperm creation

A

nurse cells

92
Q

these have follicles and the corpus luteum

A

female gonads

92
Q

pre ovulation part of female gonads

A

follicles

92
Q

post ovulation part of female gonads

A

corpus luteum

92
Q

follicles produce these two things

A

estrogen, inhibin

92
Q

the corpus luteum produces these two things

A

estrogens, progesterone

92
Q

this prepares body for pregnancy

A

progesterone

92
Q

thisis in the epithalamus and produces pineacytes

A

pineal gland

92
Q

pineal gland makes blank

A

melatonin

92
Q

melatonin helps with blank

A

circadian rhythms

Ana (40 decks)

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