Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

SAC A&P II > Ch. 27 Reproductive > Flashcards

Ch. 27 Reproductive Flashcards

(79 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Meiosis results in _____.

two identical diploid cells
two nonidentical haploid cells
four identical diploid cells
four nonidentical diploid cells
four nonidentical haploid cells
A

four nonidentical haploid cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Meiosis is the processes by which genetically unique haploid ____ are formed.

A

gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In terms of the male sexual response, parasympathetic stimulation causes ______.

spermiogenesis
erection of the penis
ejaculation
the penis to become flaccid
fertilization
A

erection of the penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation causes ___ to be released, causing penile arterioles to dilate, allowing the erectile bodies to fill with blood.

A

Nitric Oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that ______.

one mature ovum is produced in oogenesis, and four mature sperm are produced in spermatogenesis
the mature ovum is haploid and the sperm is diploid
spermatogenesis involves mitosis and meiosis, but oogenesis involves meiosis only
the mature ovum is diploid and the sperm is haploid
two polar bodies are produced in spermatogenesis

A

one mature ovum is produced in oogenesis, and four mature sperm are produced in spermatogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

___ mature ovum is produced in oogenesis, and ___ mature sperm are produced in spermatogenesis.

A

One; four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The organ that makes estrogen and progesterone is the ______.

vestibular gland
vagina
pineal gland
ovary
hypothalamus
A

ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The ____, which make estrogen and progesterone, are the primary sex organs of the female.

A

ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The primary sex organ(s) of the male is/are the ______.

penis
testes
seminal vesicle
epididymis
prostate
A

testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The testes are the primary sex organs of males; they are also called ____.

A

gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The reason that the testes are suspended in the scrotum is to ______.

create extra space for the sex organs
to reduce the chance of infection from the enteric bacteria
protect sperm from the immune system
place sperm storage sites nearer to the penis
to provide a cooler temperature

A

to provide a cooler temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spermatogenesis requires a ____ temperature than the core body temperature.

A

cooler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The sperm’s acrosome ______.

has a high density of mitochondria
contains enzymes
contains nutrients
provides motility
provides the blood testis barrier
A

contains enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The ____ contains enzymes that allow the sperm to penetrate the egg.

A

acrosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The surge in LH that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers ______.

FSH release
uterine-lining secretion
ovulation
menstruation
activation of primordial follicles
A

ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The surge in LH that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers ovulation, which occurs, on average, on day ___ of the monthly cycle.

A

14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The usual site of fertilization is the ______.

vagina
vulva
uterus
uterine tube
ovary
A

uterine tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The usual site of fertilization is the ___, or ___, tube.

A

uterine; fallopian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The uterine layer shed with each monthly cycle is the ______.

tunica albuginea
perimetrium
functional layer of endometrium
myometrium
basal layer of endometrium
A

functional layer of endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_______ cells, located between seminiferous tubules, produce testosterone.

Interstitial
Myometrial
Thalamic
Sustentacular
Follicle
A

Interstitial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Interstitial, or ____ cells, produce testosterone.

A

Leydig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

In which uterine phase does the functional layer of the endometrium start to rebuild?

ovulation
proliferative
preovulatory
secretory
menstrual
A

proliferative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The functional layer of the endometrium starts to rebuild in the ____ phase, which is initiated by rising estrogen levels.

A

proliferative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease in the United States?

syphilis
vaginitis
chlamydia
gonorrhea
genital warts
A

chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
____ is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease in the United States.
Chlamydia
26
Which cell type is ovulated from the ovary? ``` oogonium ovum primary oocyte secondary oocyte tertiary oocyte ```
secondary oocyte
27
In order, list the structures sperm will pass through from the testes to the external urethral orifice.
seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ampulla, ejaculatory duct, prostatic urethra, spongy urethra
28
Sperm are produced in the ____ and exit via the urethra.
seminiferous tubule
29
Which male structure is homologous to the female’s clitoris? ``` epididymis prostate gland penis pubis scrotum ```
penis
30
Which of the following represents the order in which reproductive hormones are secreted in males? ``` LH, GnRH, FSH, testosterone FSH, GnRH, LH, testosterone GnRH, LH/FSH, testosterone, inhibin FSH, LH, GnRH, testosterone FSH, GnRH, testosterone, LH ```
GnRH, LH/FSH, testosterone, inhibin
31
The ____ axis regulates the production of gametes and sex hormones in males.
hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal
32
Within the ovary, progesterone is produced by the ______.
corpus luteum
33
Sperm are produced in the ______.
seminiferous tubules
34
In a typical or “average” cycle, ovulation occurs on day _____.
14
35
Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics found in women? ``` estrogen prolactin FSH progesterone LH ```
estrogen
36
During anaphase I, what structures separate and move to opposite poles of the cell? tetrads sister chromatids nonhomologous chromosomes nucleoli
tetrads
37
The ____, composed of replicated homologous chromosomes, will separate and migrate to the poles of the cell during anaphase I.
tetrads
38
The muscular layer of the uterine wall is called the ______.
myometrium
39
Which hormone stimulates the ruptured ovarian follicle to become the corpus luteum?
luteinizing hormone
40
Which of the following hormones is NOT involved in the regulation of the number of sperm produced in the testes? inhibin testosterone gonadotropin-releasing hormone PSA
PSA
41
Which of the following statements about myoid cells is true? They elevate the testes. They surround the seminiferous tubules and contract rhythmically to squeeze sperm and testicular fluid through the tubules out of the testes. When they contract, they cause wrinkling of the scrotal skin. They form a duct that conveys sperm from the epididymis to the prostate gland.
They surround the seminiferous tubules and contract rhythmically to squeeze sperm and testicular fluid through the tubules out of the testes.
42
Which of the following structures help(s) to keep the testes at a cool temperature? the pampiniform plexus the rete testis the interstitial endocrine cells the testicular arteries
the pampiniform plexus
43
The ____ absorbs heat from testicular arteries, cooling the arterial blood before it enters the testes.
pampiniform plexus
44
Which of the following structures passes through the inguinal canal? the prostatic urethra the epididymis the ejaculatory duct the spermatic cord
the spermatic cord
45
Which of the following structures makes up most of the male urethral length? prostatic urethra membranous urethra spongy urethra ejaculatory duct
spongy urethra
46
Which statement about vasectomies is FALSE? They are approximately 10% reversible. They are a highly effective method of birth control. The part of the ductus deferens that lies in the scrotum is cut. They involve a minor surgical procedure.
They are approximately 10% reversible.
47
Approximately ___% of vasectomies are reversible.
50%
48
epididymis
site of sperm storage
49
seminiferous tubules
site of sperm production in the testes
50
tunica albuginea
fibrous capsule of the testes
51
pampiniform venous plexus
cools arterial blood to keep the testes below core temperature
52
interstitial endocrine cells (Leydig cells)
make testosterone
53
The diploid chromosome number in humans is ____.
46
54
____ produces cells that have a haploid chromosome number.
Meiosis
55
telophase I
Two genetically unique haploid cells are formed.
56
metaphase I
Tetrads align randomly along the cell's equator.
57
telophase II
Four genetically unique haploid cells are formed.
58
anaphase I
Homologous chromosomes separate from one another.
59
prophase I
Crossovers form.
60
Conversion of haploid spermatids to functional sperm is specifically called ______.
spermiogenesis
61
The area of the sperm cell that contains many mitochondria is the ______.
midpiece
62
_______ acts upon the _______ to encourage the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); anterior pituitary
63
ovaries
house and form the female gametes
64
uterine (fallopian) tubes
generally the site of fertilization of the ovulated oocyte
65
vagina
thin-walled structure that connects the uterus to the body exterior
66
uterus
receives, retains, and nourishes a fertilized ovum
67
fimbriae
fingerlike projections that brush over the ovary
68
The ______ is shed during menstruation.
stratum functionalis
69
The ______ of the mammary glands are responsible for producing milk during lactation.
alveoli
70
The pH of the adult female vagina is normally ______.
acidic
71
The functional layer of the endometrium is shed in response to ______. decreased progesterone levels increased estrogen levels increased progesterone levels decreased estrogen levels
decreased progesterone levels
72
The ______ develop into the female duct system. paramesonephric ducts gonadal ridges urethral folds mesonephric ducts
paramesonephric ducts
73
Relative to differences between mitosis and meiosis, choose the statements that apply only to meiosis: ``` A) tetrads present B) produces two daughter cells C) produces four daughter cells D) occurs throughout life E) reduces chromosomal number by half F) synapsis and crossing over ```
A) tetrads present C) produces four daughter cells E) reduces chromosomal number by half F) synapsis and crossing over
74
The structures that draw an ovulated oocyte into the female duct system are: A) cilia B) fimbriae C) microvilli D) stereocilia
A) cilia | B) fimbriae
75
The usual site of embryo implantation is ____. A) the uterine tube B) the peritoneal cavity C) the vagina D) the uterus
D) the uterus
76
Secondary sex characteristics are ____. A) present in the embryo B) a result of male or female sex hormones increasing at puberty C) the testis in the male and ovary in the female D) development of male and female external genitalia
B) a result of male or female sex hormones increasing at puberty
77
Which of the following produces the male sex hormones? A) seminal glands B) corpus luteum C) developing follicles in testes D) interstitial endocrine cells
D) interstitial endocrine cells
78
Which of the following does NOT add a secretion that makes a major contribution to semen? A) prostate B) bulbo-urethral glands C) testes D) ductus deferens
D) ductus deferens
79
The corpus luteum is formed at the site of ____. A) fertilization B) ovulation C) menstruation D) implantation
B) ovulation

SAC A&P II (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions