Lab 3

Question 1

mucosal fold; functions to secure the tongue to the floor of the mouth and limits posterior movements of tongue

Answer 1

Lingual frenulum

Question 2

functions to trap and catabolize pathogens that enter the oropharynx

Answer 2

Lingual tonsil

Question 3

performs mechanical digestion; mixes/moves food with saliva; initiates swallowing by pushing food into oropharynx

Answer 3

Tongue

Question 4

raised areas on the dorsal surface of the tongue; function to contain taste buds and tactile receptors

Answer 4

Papillae

Question 5

function to contain taste buds (3)

Answer 5

Circumvallate papilla
Fungiform papilla
Foliate papilla

Question 6

function to contain tactile receptors

Answer 6

Filiform papilla

Question 7

2 incisors, 1 canine, and 2 molars per quadrant

Answer 7

Deciduous teeth (20)

Question 8

cut pieces of food

Answer 8

Incisors

Question 9

pierce food

Answer 9

Canines (cuspids)

Question 10

grind and crush food (2)

Answer 10

Premolars (bicuspids)

Molars (including wisdom teeth)

Question 11

resists the force of chewing

Answer 11

Enamel

Question 12

attaches root of tooth to periodontal ligament

Answer 12

Cementum

Question 13

absorbs shock during biting and chewing

Answer 13

Dentin

Question 14

contains the pulp

Answer 14

Pulp cavity

Question 15

nourishes the dentin

Answer 15

Pulp

Question 16

function in chemical digestion via the production and secretion of saliva into the oral cavity

Answer 16

Salivary glands

Question 17

closes off nasopharynx during swallowing to prevent food/fluids from entering the nasal cavity

Answer 17

Uvula

Question 18

functions in mechanical digestion to move food from the mouth into the esophagus

Answer 18

Pharynx

Question 19

receives air from nasal cavity; allows air into oropharynx

Answer 19

Nasopharynx

Question 20

receives air from nasopharynx; receives air, food, & fluids from oral cavity; allows air, food, & fluids into laryngopharynx

Answer 20

Oropharynx

Question 21

receives air, food, & fluids from oropharynx; allows air into larynx; allows food & fluids into esophagus

Answer 21

Laryngopharynx

Question 22

performs mechanical digestion; peristalsis; transports food bolus from laryngopharynx to stomach; secretes mucus to assist in movement of food

Answer 22

Esophagus

Question 23

performs mechanical digestion via peristalsis; performs chemical digestion via production & secretion of hydrochloric acid & enzymes

Answer 23

Stomach

Question 24

functions to contract to close pylorus and to relax to open pylorus to allow chyme into duodenum

Answer 24

Pyloric sphincter

Question 25

performs mechanical digestion via peristalsis; performs chemical digestion via production & secretion of intestinal juice with enzymes

Answer 25

Small intestine

Question 26

performs mechanical digestion via peristalsis; performs chemical digestion via fermentation of undigested chyme by bacteria to form feces

Answer 26

Large intestine

Question 27

performs chemical digestion; synthesizes & secretes pancreatic juice with enzymes & sodium bicarbonate

Answer 27

Pancreas

Question 28

drains pancreatic juice from pancreas to duodenum

Answer 28

Pancreatic duct

Question 29

receives bile from common bile duct & receives pancreatic juice from pancreatic duct

Answer 29

Ampulla of Vater

Question 30

performs chemical digestion; synthesizes & secretes bile; metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, & proteins; excretes bilirubin & drug metabolites; stores glycogen

Answer 30

Liver

Question 31

drains bile from right hepatic lobe to common hepatic duct

Answer 31

Right hepatic duct

Question 32

drains bile from left hepatic lobe to common hepatic duct

Answer 32

Left hepatic duct

Question 33

drains bile from right hepatic lobe & left hepatic duct to common bile duct

Answer 33

Common hepatic duct

Question 34

drains bile from cystic duct & common hepatic duct to duodenum

Answer 34

Common bile duct

Question 35

stores & concentrates bile until it is needed by small intestine

Answer 35

Gallbladder

Question 36

drains bile from gallbladder to common bile duct

Answer 36

Cystic duct

Question 37

functions to cover organs in the abdominal cavity and attaches digestive organs to the abdominal wall

Answer 37

Peritoneum (peritoneal folds)

Question 38

functions as the anterior cover of the small intestine

Answer 38

Greater omentum

Question 39

functions to attach the stomach and duodenum to the liver

Answer 39

Lesser omentum

Question 40

functions to attach the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 40

Mesentery

Question 41

functions to attach the liver to the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall

Answer 41

Falciform ligament

Question 42

produces & secretes mucus for lubrication of chyme & protection of stomach lining

Answer 42

Mucosa

Question 43

provides elasticity

Answer 43

Submucosa

Question 44

contraction/peristalsis

Answer 44

Muscularis externa

Question 45

protection of deep tissue layers

Answer 45

Serosa

Question 46

contracts to prevent chyme from entering the cecum; relaxes to allow chyme to enter the cecum

Answer 46

Ileocecal sphincter