Ch 48 & 49

Question 1

Name the 3 types of neurons

Answer 1

Sensory neurons, Interneurons, & Motor Neurons

Question 2

State function of Sensory neurons

Answer 2

sensory inputs for pain, pressure, temp etc sent to the CNS

Question 3

State function of Interneurons

Answer 3

found in the CNS-used to relay signals from sensory neurons to motor neurons in PNS. Also used to relay sensory information from PNS to CNS & motor information from CNS to PNS

Question 4

State function of Motor Neurons

Answer 4

effector functions that controls muscles & glands

Question 5

Name 2 major contrasting branches of autonomic nervous system & their general functions

Answer 5

• Sympathetic NS: deals with stress; neurotransmitter is norepinephrine
• Parasympathetic NS: deals with relaxed state; neurotransmitter is acetylcholine

Question 6

Name 2 types of glial cells that form myelin

Answer 6

Schwann cells in PNS & Oligodendrocytes in CNS

Question 7

Describe myelin and its function

Answer 7

Schwanns cell & oligodendrocytes wrap their phospholipid plasma membranes around axons several times. Voltage gated channels are concentrated in between glial cells at Nodes of Ranvier. This increases speed of conductance down the axon called Saltatory Conductance

Question 8

What are the Nodes of Ranvier?

Answer 8

spaces between glial cells that are wrapped around axons forming myelin. Voltage-gated Na & K channels are located at Nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons. This causes saltatory conductance, increase speed of conductance

Question 9

Where on neuron are ligand-gated ion channels located?

Answer 9

Dendrites and Soma

Question 10

Where on neuron are voltage-gated calcium channels located?

Answer 10

Synaptic Terminals

Question 11

Where on neuron would voltage-gated potassium & sodium channels be located?

Answer 11

Axon

Question 12

If dorsal root nerves to your hand were crushed, what would happen?

Answer 12

Your hand would be numb but you would still be able to move it

Question 13

What if the ventral root nerves to the hand were damaged?

Answer 13

You could feel sensory information in your hand, but you would not be able to move it

Question 14

Describe difference between white matter & gray matter of spinal cord

Answer 14

• Gray matter is where interneurons & soma of ventral motor neurons are located.
• White matter is where myelinated axons of ascending spinal tracts send sensory information from PNS to brain & axons of descending spinal tracts are taking effector information from brain to PNS