Mitosis & Meiosis

Question 1

Interphase includes which parts of the cell cycle?

Answer 1

G1, S, & G2

Question 2

DNA is replicated during which phase of the cell cyle?

Answer 2

S phase of Interphase

Question 3

What is cytokinesis & when does it occur?

Answer 3

Division of cytoplasm to form 2 daughter cells which occurs at the end of telophase

Question 4

What is the difference in cytokinesis between animal & plant cells?

Answer 4

cytokinesis occurs during formation of a cleavage furrow in animals cells. Vesicles containing cellulose fuse to form the cell plate, which will become the new cell wall between 2 daughter cells in plants cells

Question 5

The spindle forms & attaches to chromosomes during which phase of Mitosis & meiosis

Answer 5

Prophase in Mitosis & Prophase I in Meiosis

Question 6

The spindle is formed by microtubules which will attach to the sister chromatids. What is this attachment point called?

Answer 6

Kinetochore

Question 7

How would you be able to determine that DNA replicates during S phase during Interphase? You cannot tell by looking at it under a microscope

Answer 7

You measure the mass of the DNA in G1 & compare it to the mass of DNA after S phase

Question 8

What are the causes of cancer?

Answer 8

Radiation, Chemicals, Viruses, & Heredity

Question 9

Mutations in what types of genes lead to cancer?

Answer 9

Proto-oncogenes, which are growth factor genes and tumor suppressor genes. They are called oncogenes when they become cancerous

Question 10

True or false, it takes 1 mutation in 1 cell to cause cancer? Explain your reasoning for your answer choice

Answer 10

False. It take one cell but an average of 3-5 mutations in proto-oncogenes to cause cancer

Question 11

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 11

These are maternal and paternal chromosome that code for the same genes

Question 12

What is the cause of Downs’s Syndrome?

Answer 12

Nondisjunction, causes a child to be born with 3 copies of chromosome 21

Question 13

What are alleles?

Answer 13

Alternate forms of the gene

Question 14

During Prophase I, tetrads form. What are tetrads?

Answer 14

Tetrads are homologous sister chromatids; homologous chromosomes form sister chromatids & line up together to form tetrads

Question 15

What important event only happens to tetrads during prophase I?

Answer 15

Crossing over that occurs during synapsis, where pieces of chromosomes are switched. This adds genetic variation.

Chiasmata are points where crossing over has occurred