Flashcards in Ch # 6 : Orthopedics Deck (87):
1
7 Suffixes meaning pertaining 2
-ac
-al
-ar
-ary
-eal
-ic
-ous
2
2 Suffixes meaning pain
-algia
-dynia
3
Suffix meaning weakness
Asthenia
4
Suffix meaning 2 puncture 2 w/draw fluid
-centesis
5
2 Suffixes meaning surgical breaking
-clasia
-clasis
6
Suffix meaning cell
-cyte
7
Suffix meaning surgical fixation
-desis
8
Suffix meaning surgical removal
-ectomy
9
Suffix meaning producing
-genic
10
Suffix meaning record
-gram
11
Suffix meaning process of recording
-graphy
12
Suffix meaning inflammation
-itis
13
Suffix meaning movement
-kinesia
14
Suffix meaning softening
-malacia
15
Suffix meaning process of measuring
-metry
16
Suffix meaning tumor
-oma
17
Suffix meaning abnormal condition
-osis
18
Suffix meaning cutting in2
-otomy
19
Suffix meaning diease
-patchy
20
Suffix meaning surgical repair
-plasty
21
Suffix meaning porous
-porosis
22
Suffix meaning suture
-rrhaphy
23
Suffix meaning rupture
-rrhexis
24
Suffix meaning instrument 4 viewing
-scope
25
Suffix meaning process of visually examining
-scopy
26
Suffix meaning instrument 2 cut
-tome
27
Suffix meaning development
-trophy
28
Prefix meaning w/out
A-
29
Prefix meaning slow
Brady-
30
Prefix meaning difficult or painful
Dys-
31
Prefix meaning between
-inter
32
Prefix meaning w/in
Intra-
33
Prefix meaning excessive
Hyper-
34
Prefix meaning through
Per-
35
Prefix meaning under
Sub-
36
Prefix meaning above
Supra-
37
Combining form meaning joint
Is where 2 or more bones meet
Aka: articulation
Synovial joints: most joints in the body and r freely moving
Arthr/o
38
Combining form meaning bursa
A fluid-filled sac found between the tendon and bone 2 reduce friction
Burs/o
39
Combining form meaning cartilage
Tough, flexible connective tissue that covers the end of the bones in joints
Serves as a shock absorber
Chondr/o
40
Combining form meaning skull
Crani/o
41
2 Combining forms meaning muscle
They produce movement in the body
3 types: skeletal, smooth and cardiac
Muscul/o
My/o
42
Combining form meaning red bone marrow
Tissue found inside of bones that produce blood cells
Myel/o
43
Combining form meaning bone
Hard calcified connective tissue
Supports and moves the body while providing vital protection 2 underlying organs
Houses red bone marrow and important minerals
Oste/o
44
Combining form meaning vertebra
Spondyl/o
45
2 Combining forms meaning tendon
Strong bands of connective tissue that anchor muscles 2 bone
Ten/o
Tendin/o
46
Surgical procedure that uses a piece of bone 2 replace lost bone or 2 fuse 2 bones 2gether
Bone graft
47
Nuclear medicine scan using radioactive dye 2 visualize bones
Useful 4 finding stress fractures and bone cancer
Bone scan
48
Repetitive motion disorder caused by the pressure on the tendons and nerves as they pass through the carpal tunnel area on the wrist
Carpal tunnel syndrome
(CTS)
49
2 names 4 a broken bone w/no open skin wound
Closed fracture
Simple fracture
50
A bone break where the bone shatters in2 many small fragments
Comminuted fracture
51
A bone break that causes a loss of height of the veritable body
May result from trauma or may occur in a bone weakened by Osteoporosis
Compression fracture
52
Abnormal shortening of muscle fibers, tendons or connective tissue making it difficult 2 stretch muscle
Contracture
53
Muscle enzyme found in skeletal and cardiac muscle
Elevated levels r associated w/heart attack, muscular dystrophy and other skeletal muscle pathologies
Creatine kinase
(CK)
54
Involuntary muscle contraction in response 2 striking a muscle tendon w/a reflex hammer
This test is used 2 determine whether muscles respond properly
Deep tendon reflexes
(DTR)
55
Occurs when the bones in a joint r displaced from normal alignment and the ends of the bones r no longer in contact w/each other
Dislocation
56
A test using low-dose x-ray beams 2 measure bone density
Used 2 diagnosis osteoporosis
Duel-energy absorptiometry
(DXA)
57
Chronic condition w/widespread aching and pain in the muscles and fibrous soft tissue
Fibromalgia Symdrome
58
Procedure 2 stabilize fractured bone while it heals
2 types: external - includes casts, splints and pins inserted through
the skin
internal - includes pins, plates, rods, screws and wires
that r put in2 place during a surgical procedure
called open reduction
Fixation
59
Broken bone
Fracture
(FX or Fx)
60
A fracture w/an incomplete break
1 side of the bone breaks while the other side only bends
Commonly seen in children
Greenstick fracture
61
3 names 4 a protrusion of an intervertebral disk between 2 vertebrae which puts pressure on the spinal nerves
May require surgery
Herniated nucleus pulposus
Herniated disk
Ruptured disk
62
A fracture in which 1 bone fragment is pushed in2 another
Impacted fracture
63
3 names 4 an abnormal increase in the normal outward curvature of the thoracic spine
Kyphosis
Hunchback
Humpback
64
2 names 4 an abnormal increase in the normal 4ward curvature of the lumbar spine
Lordosis
Swayback
65
2 names 4 a loss of muscle bulk due 2 muscle disease, nervous system disease or lack of use
Muscle atrophy
Muscle wasting
66
1 of a group of inherited diseases involving progressive muscle degeneration, weakness and atrophy
Muscular dystrophy
(MD)
67
A large group of drugs that provide mild pain relief and anti-inflammatory benefits 4 conditions like arthritis
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs)
68
A bone break in which the break line runs along an angle 2 shaft of the bone
Oblique fracture
69
Externally applied brace or splint used 2 prevent or correct defominites
Orthosis
70
Arthritis caused by the loss of the cartilage cushion that covers bones in a joint and results w/bone rubbing against bone
Most common in weight bearing joints
Osteoarthritis
(OA)
71
The most common type of bone cancer
Usually begins in osteocytes found at the ends of bones
Frequently occurs in ages 10 - 25 years old
Osteogenic sarcoma
72
A broken bone caused by a diseased or weakened bone, not trauma
Pathologic fracture
73
The use of a thin catheter tube inserted in2 an invertible disk through the skin 2 suck out pieces of herniated or ruptured disks
Or laser is used 2 vaporize disk
Percutaneous diskectomy
74
Any artificial device used as a substitute 4 a body part that is either missing from birth or lost as a result of an accident or disease
Prosthesis
75
Diagnostic imaging procedure using x-rays 2 c the internal structure of the body
Useful 4 visualizing bones and joints
Radiography
76
2 correct a fracture or dislocation by realigning the bone
2 types: closed - moves bones externally
open - manipulating bones through a surgical incision
Reduction
77
A group of chronic disorders w/tendon, muscle, joint and nerve damage caused by prolonged periods of pressure, vibration or repetitive movements
Repetitive motion disorder
78
Arthritis w/swelling, stiffness, pain and degeneration of cartilage in joints caused by chronic soft tissue inflammation
May result in crippling deformities
An autoimmune disease
Rheumatoid arthritis
(RA)
79
Abnormal laterial curvature of the spine
Scoliosis
80
Sudden involuntary muscle contraction
Spasm
81
A birth defect that occurs when the vertebra fails 2 fully form around the spinal cord
Ranges from mild 2 severe
If the spinal cord is damaged paralysis results
Spina bifida
82
A bone break in which a fracture line spirals around the shaft of the bone
Caused by a twisting injury
Slower 2 heal
Spiral fracture
83
A ligament injury from over stretching but w/out joint dislocation or bone fracture
Sprain
84
A slight bone break caused by repetitive low-impact forces
Ex: running
Stress fracture
85
2 names 4 a surgical reconstruction of the hip w/an artificial hip joint
Total hip arthroplasty
(THA)
Total hip replacement
(THR)
86
Surgical reconstruction of the knee joint w/an artificial knee joint
Total knee arthroplasty
(TKA)
Total knee replacement
(TKR)
87