Ch 71 Arthroscopy Flashcards

Question

scope vs mini-arthrotomy

Answer 1

Arthroscopy with meniscal probing is the gold standard for the diagnosis of medial meniscal pathology > low complication rate and low postoperative morbidity. arthrotomy is more invasive and less diagnostically sensitive > mini preservation of the quadriceps muscles, suggesting less postoperative morbidity,6 and may reduce the risk of postoperative MPL. However, the veterinary literature lacks consistent data scope > setup time, and expensive equipment and specialized training

Answer 2

Muscular lesions included the deltoideus, cleidobrachialis, omotransversarius, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles. The neurovascular structures identified were the omobrachial vein, the caudal circumflex humeral artery, axillobrachial vein, and branches of the axillary nerve. Lesions to the lateral glenohumeral ligament were noted from the caudal instrument portal and the middle arthroscope portal. Iatrogenic articular cartilage injuries were identified on the caudal humeral head and the glenoid.

Answer 3

Fifty-eight percent of the cranial border of themedial glenohumeral ligament was within the arthroscopic view. At a standing angle, 48% of the intra-articular length of the biceps tendon was within the arthroscopic view, compared to 63% with the limb flexed. Twenty percent of the subscapularis tendon was within the arthroscopic view. Conclusion A significant portion of the biceps tendon and medial stabilizing structures of the canine shoulder are outside the field of view biceps tendon visible by arthroscopy would be significantly greater with the shoulder positioned in flexion

Answer 4

firstly assessed in a preliminary cadaveric study prospectively recruited 15 dogs width 1.9mm with 2.2 mm cannula (1mm too small/poor image), 0 degree Needle arthroscopy-assisted removal of osteochondral fragments was performed in all dogs with satisfactory short-term clinical outcome. NA is a feasible technique for diagnosis and lesion assessment in dogs with a fissured or fragmented coronoid process STudies; in dogs for the assessment of medial shoulder instability and exploration of elbow joints (both cadaveric and clinical cases) with medial coronoid disease its small size and relative flexibility along with the lighter and less cumbersome hand-piece facilitate its insertion and manipulation into the joint.

Answer 5

Still images of NAR, STAR, and CT had similar diagnostic value to identify MCP fissures. Still images of TAR was superior to SNAR and CT to identify MCP fragments. Clinical significance The diagnostic accuracy of SNAR varied on the basis of the coronoid lesion being evaluated.

Answer 6

Caudal cruciate ligament tearing was identified in 94% of stifles. Longitudinal tearing (76%) was the most common type of damage (45% partial, 31% full thickness). possibly synovitis is likely a contributor to CdCL injury. previous experimental study demonstrated significant alterations in the morphology of the CdCL in the cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle, exhibited by degenerative changes in the histologic appearance, as well as a change in the diameter pattern of the CdCL collagen fibrils.6 These changes have been suggested to be due to stifle instability and/or enzymatic degeneration from the joint synovitis. This portion of the CdCL therefore is not exposed to the synovial membrane or synovial fluid and subsequently appears to be spared from damage as compared with the rest of the CdCL.

Answer 7

120 joints Cartilage pathology and synovitis were identified in all joints. Overall cartilage severity scores were low (median MOCS 1). The median MOCS of the proximal trochlear groove (2)

Answer 8

Ex vivo canine cadaver experimental study. trimmed ET tube as guard Animals: Paired canine stifles from 14 cadavers Unguarded arthroscopy resulted in more total IACI per joint and larger IACI area Silicone-guarded arthroscope cannulas decreased IACI number and size during canine cadaveric stifle arthroscopy most appeared to be partial thickeness

Answer 9

Fifty arthroscopic videos The overall inter-and intra-observer variability showed fair and substantial strengths of agreement, respectively. The most extreme scores of 0 and 4 had the best, middle scores of 1, 2 and 3 had decreased strengths of agreement. Experience of the observer increased the strength of agreement between the scores . Clinical Significance The modified Outerbridge classification system is an acceptable method for the evaluation of canine cartilage. Observer agreement is improved if the observer has experience

Answer 10

arthroscopy versus medial parapatellar mini-arthrotomy. cadavers Arthroscopy resulted in greater IACI than mini-arthrotomy, including incidence of IACI, number of IACI per stifle and IACI area Visualization of articular structures: incomplete 14/14 mini-arthrotomy stifles and 1/14 arthroscopy stifles Complete regeneration of articular cartilage in partial thickness cartilage wounds has not been reported > full thickness lesions which penetrate the subchondral bone are accessible to reparative cells arthroscopy alone sequele? importance in already OA joint?

Answer 11

A grading system for this spectrum of MSI has recently been described.8,12 According to this system, grade 1 (mild MSI) = laxity without gross tearing of the MGL or SST; grade 2 (moderate MSI) = partial tear of the MGL, SST, or both; grade 3 (severe MSI) = complete tear of the MGL, SST, or both; and grade 4 (luxation) = complete displacement of the humeral head in relation to the glenoid cavity arthroscopy: verification of damage to the MGL, SST, joint capsule, or a combination of these structures

Ch 71 Arthroscopy Flashcards

(37 cards)