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Anatomy Lecture > Ch. 9- Shoulder And Elbow Joints > Flashcards

Ch. 9- Shoulder And Elbow Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 structures of the shoulder complex?

A

Sternum (manubrium)

Clavicle

Scapula

Humerus

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2
Q

What 2 parts of the shoulder make up the shoulder girdle?

A

Clavicle

Scapula

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3
Q

What are the 4 articulations of the shoulder complex?

A

Glenohumeral joint

Sternoclavicular joint

Acromiocalavicular joint

Scapulothoracic joint

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4
Q

What is the glenohumeral joint?

A

Most freely movable joint

Ball and socket

3 degrees of freedom

Actions:

  • flexion/ extension/ hyperextension
  • abduction/ adduction
  • internal/ external rotation
  • horizontal flexion/ extension
  • circumduction
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5
Q

What is the glenoid labrum in the glenohumeral joint?

A

Fibrous cartilage that is attached to the rim of the glenoid cavity

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6
Q

What is the function of the glenoid labrum?

A

Deepen the shoulder socket

Serves as attachment site for other structures like ligaments and tendons

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7
Q

What is the articular capsule of the shoulder?

A

Attaches to the circumference of the glenoid cavity

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8
Q

What is the synovial membrane of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Extends from the margin of the glenoid cavity

Attaches to the inner surface of the capsule

Inserts on the anatomical neck of the humerus

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9
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

SITS

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

Tendons of joint stabilize joint

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10
Q

What are the bursae of the shoulder?

A

Subacromial bursa

Subdeltoid bursa

Subcoracoid bursa

Subscapular bursa

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11
Q

Where does the Tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii pass through?

A

Intertubercular groove

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12
Q

What does the elbow complex consist of?

A

Humerus

Ulna

Radius

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13
Q

What do the articulations of the elbow complex include?

A

Humeroulnar joint

Humeroradial joint

Proximal radioulnar joint

All Three joints are enclosed in one joint capsule

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14
Q

What is the humeroulnar joint?

A

Forms the medial portion of the elbow complex

Consists of the articulation between the trochlea of the distal humerus and the trochlear notch of the proximal ulna

Hinge joint

1° of freedom

Actions:
Flexion and extension

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15
Q

What is the humeroradial joint?

A

Articulation between proximal surface of the radius and the capitulum of the distal humerus

Hinge joint

1° of freedom

Actions:
flexion and extension

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16
Q

What is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Head of the radius articulates with the radial notch of ulna

Pivot Joint

Actions:
supination and pronation

17
Q

What are the two articulations of the wrist?

A

Radiocarpal joint

Midcarpal joint

18
Q

What is the radiocarpal joint?

A

Formed by:

  • distal concave surface of radius
  • radioulnar disc
  • scaphoid
  • lunate
  • triquetrum

Biaxial condyloid

2° of freedom

Actions:
Extension/ flexion
Radial/ ulnar deviation
Circumduction

19
Q

What separates the ulna and the carpal bones?

A

Radioulnar disc

20
Q

What is the radioulnar disc?

A

Fibrocartilaginous disc

Attached to ulnar notch of radius

Extends medially to attach stilo is process of ulna

Shock absorber

21
Q

What is the midcarpal joint?

A

Formed by proximal and distal rows of the carpal bones

Articulates:

  • scaphoid with trapezium, trapezoid and captitate
  • lunate with capitate and hamate
  • triquetrum with hamate

Condyloid joint

2° of freedom

Actions:
Flexion/ extension
Radial/ ulnar deviation

Moves as a fixed unit

22
Q

What is the flexor retinaculum?

A

Can be Divided into 3 segments:

1) proximal- fascia (palmar carpal ligament)
2) central- middle (transverse carpal ligament)
3) distal- aponeurosis (Palmar aponeurosis)

23
Q

What is the palmar carpal ligament?

A

Also called volts carpal ligament

At wrist, antebrachial fascia of forearm

Attaches to radial and ulnar styloid process

Crosses over the flexor muscles

24
Q

What is the transverse carpal ligament?

A

Strong fibrous band of fibrous CT

Arches over the carpal bones forming the carpal tunnel

Attachments:

  • proximal to palmar carpal ligament
  • medially to pisiform and hook of hamate
  • laterally to scaphoid and trapezium
25
Q

What is the carpal tunnel?

A

Fibro-Ossetia pathway on the palmar aspect of the wrist

Connects anterior Compartment of the distal forearm with the mid-palmar space of hand

Passing through the carpal tunnel is the median nerve

26
Q

What is the palmar aponeurosis?

A

Thick broad flat tendon overlying the central compartment of the palm

Stabilizes the skin of the Palm

Anatomy Lecture (17 decks)

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