CH23 CBR WARFARE Flashcards
(118 cards)
1
Q
First large scale use of chemical agents?
A
WWI by Germany
2
Q
AC
A
Hydrogen Cyanide (blood)
3
Q
CK
A
Cyanogen Chloride (blood)
4
Q
CG
A
Phosgene (Pulmonary)
5
Q
CL
A
Chlorine (Pulmonary)
6
Q
CN
A
Mace (Riot)
7
Q
CR
A
Dibenzoxazepine (Riot)
8
Q
CS
A
2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (Riot)
9
Q
CX
A
Phosgene Oxime (Blister)
10
Q
DP
A
Diphosgene (Pulmonary)
11
Q
DM
A
Adamsite (Riot)
12
Q
GA
A
Tabun (Nerve)
13
Q
GB
A
Sarin (Nerve)
14
Q
GD
A
Soman (Nerve)
15
Q
GF
A
Cyclosarin (Nerve)
16
Q
H
A
Mustard (Blister)
17
Q
HD
A
Distilled Mustard (Blister)
18
Q
HN
A
Nitrogen Mustard (Blister)
19
Q
L
A
Lewisite (Blister)
20
Q
OC
A
Oleoresin Capsicum (Riot) Neutralize with baby shampoo, milk, veg oil
21
Q
VX
A
S-2-ethyl O-ethyl
22
Q
Chemical agents may be classified as?
A
LETHAL (10% or greater death rate), NONLETHAL
PERSISTENT, NON_PERSISTENT
23
Q
High temps effect agents how?
A
Decrease their persistency
24
Q
Indicates (LIQUID) nerve agent or blister agent by turning warm hue?
A
M9
25
Detects LIQUID chem agents, turns gold/yellow for G class or olive for VX?
M8
26
Detects nerve gas, mustard gas, and cyanide?
M256A1 (15 min reaction time)
27
First priority in chemical attack?
Ensure HM survival
28
How many MOPP levels are there?
5 (0-4)
29
Mask/hood is worn at what MOPP level?
3
30
What agent is of greatest concern compared to all other chemical agents?
Nerve
31
Oderless, almost colorless liquids or vapors varying greatly in viscosity and volatility, moderately soluble in water?
Nerve
32
Time for nerve agents onset of symptoms?
Seconds to 18hrs
33
Drug of choice for nerve agents?
Atropine (5-10 min intervals)
| Secondary is 2-PAM CL
34
10mg auto injector used to control convulsions
CANA (Diazepam)
35
ATNAA will replace what?
Mark I kit
36
ATNAA contains two chambers that deliver?
2.1mg of Atropine and 600mg 2-PAM CL
37
Hold autoinjector in place for how long?
10 seconds (wait 10-15 minutes to see if symptoms subside...may give up to three kits)
38
Three MARK 1 kits should be given immediately under what condition?
Sever symptoms
39
2 PAM Chloride max dose?
Six doses
40
Blister agents are known as?
Vesicants
41
Mustard agents are a major concern due to?
large stockpiles and ease of production
42
Oily, colorless or pale yellow liquids, sparingly soluble in water?
H, HD, HN
43
What is less volatile and more persistent than HD?
HN
44
Arsenic that is light to dark blown liquid and vaporizes slowly?
Lewisite
45
Mustard smells like?
Garlic, mustard or horseradish
46
Lewisite smell?
Geranium
47
Primary cause of death for blister agent?
Massive edema or mechanical pulmonary obstruction
48
British Anti-Lewisite (BAL) was developed as an antidote for?
Lewisite
49
Blood agents physical action?
Cellular suffocation
50
Hydrogen Cyanide (AC) smell?
Bitter Almonds
51
Cyanides usually dissipate in what time frame
less than 24hrs
52
Initial treatment of cyanides?
1) Two Amyl nitrite ampules crushed and inhaled until eight ampules, OR IV sodium nitrate 300mg
2) IV Sodium thiosulfate 12.5g (1-2 doses)
53
Should be considered pulmonary agent?
Smoke and ammonia
54
Phosgene is a colorless gas that smells like?
New-mown hay/grass
55
Two classes of riot control/harassment agents?
Lacrimators and vomiting agents
56
Types of BACTERIAL agents?
Anthrax, Plague, Tularemia
57
Types of VIRAL agents?
Small Pox, Hemorrhagic Fevers
58
Types of TOXIN agents?
Ricin, Botulinum, Toxin
59
Three types of anthrax in humans?
Cutaneous, Pulmonary, Gastro
60
Most sensitive test for inhalation anthrax?
Chest x-ray
61
Primary treatment for anthrax?
Antibiotics
FIRST LINE: Ciprofloxacin 500mg BID or Doxy 100mg Q12 hrs
SECOND LINE: Amoxicillin 500mg TID or PEN-G
62
Anthrax vaccine frequency?
SIX SHOT SERIES...
| 0.5 ml SubQ @ 0, 2, 4 weeks; then 6, 12, 18 months with annual booster
63
Yersinia Pestis?
Plague
64
Forms of plague?
Pneumonic, Bubonic, Septicemic
65
Pneumonic plague is 100% fatal if treatment does not start within how many hrs?
24
66
Bubonic plague is characterized by swollen painful lymphn nodes called?
Buboes (usually develop in groin, armpit, neck)
67
Plague is confirmed how?
Lab testing with positive culture.
68
Antibiotics for plague?
PRIMARY: Streptomycin, Gentamicin
ALTERNATIVE: Doxy, Cipro, Chloramphenicol
69
Tularemia AKA "rabbit fever" is caused by what bacterium?
Francisella tularensis (gram negative)
70
Tularemia was used as a biological weapon during what war?
WWII
71
T/F Tularemia is NOT spread from person to person
T
72
Two types of tularemia
Ulceroglandular: most common - occurs after tick/deerfly bite
Pneumonic and typhoidal: Aerosol form
73
Tularemia incubation period?
3-5 days
74
How is tularemia confirmed?
serological testing
75
Tularemia is rendered harmless when exposed to what temp?
55 degrees F for 10 minutes
76
Botulinum toxin is produced by an encapsulated, gram-psitive, spore-forming, rod shaped bacterium called?
Clostridium botulinum
77
Most toxic substance known BOTULINUM and is ______ times more toxic than VX nerve agent by weight
10-15 thousand
78
What are the 4 kinds of botulism?
Food-borne
Infant
Wound
Inhalational
79
Botulism's neurological symptoms usually appear within how many hrs?
12-36 (time to onset is dose dependent)
80
Classic symptoms of botulism include what?
Cranial nerve palsies (double vision, drooping eyelids, slurred speech, dry mouth etc)
81
Ricin is derived from beans of castor plant. What bacterium?
Ricinus communis
82
Small pox is caused by what virus?
Variola
83
The last reported small pox case was what year?
1977
84
What are the two clinical forms of smallpox?
VARIOLA MAJOR - 4 types - Ordinary, modified, flat, hemorrhagic 30% fatality rate
VARIOLA MINOR - rare - 1% or less fatality rate.
85
Small pox incubation period?
7-19 days, usually 10-14 days (FIRST SYMPTOMS ARE FLU-LIKE)
86
Progression of smallpox s/s
First symptoms 10-12 days. Rash on face/arms/legs 2-3 days after. Rash starts as MACULES then PAPULES. Scabs fall off after approx 3 weeks
87
A person infected with smallpox may lesson or prevent illness by getting vaccinated within how many days of exposure?
4
88
Four families of Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs)?
ARENAVIRUSES: Via rodent urine
FILOVIRUSES: Marburg and Ebola
BUNYAVIRUSES: Vector borne
FLAVIVIRUSES: Arthropod (mosquito or tick)
89
The only approved VHF vaccination is for?
Yellow fever
90
First use of atomic weapon during war?
WWII
91
Two methods of radiation action within a cell?
Direct/indirect action
92
Beta radiation can penetrate human skin to what layer?
Germinal
93
X-rays have the same effect as what?
Gamma rays
94
Compared to gamma rays, they can cause 20 times greater damage to tissue?
Neutrons
95
The new absorbed dose unit for radiation is?
Gray (Gy)
96
Radiation dose is defined as?
Amount of energy absorbed per gram of tissue
97
1 rem =
0.01 sv
98
1 Sv =
100 rems
99
Used to perform ground radiological surveys in vehicles or in dismounted mode by individual personnel as a HANDHELD instrument?
AN/VDR 2 (shook hands with darth vader)
100
Compact handheld or POCKET CARRIED, tactical device that can measure prompt gamma/neutron doses from a nuclear event?
AN/UDR 13 (pocket pool in UnDeR pants)
101
Multi range radiac device that detects beta and gamma radiation?
AN/PDQ-1
102
Irradiation of body by HIGH dose?
Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)
103
Long term exposure to LOW dose radiation?
Chronic Radiation Syndrome (CRS)
104
Skin Decon kit
M291
105
Air Sampling Device
JBPDS
106
Max anthrax incubation period
7 days
107
Only approved VHF vaccination?
Yellow Fever
108
Tularemia incubation period?
1-21 days
109
Neutrons over gamma rays
20 times greater damage to tissue
110
Poisonous byproducts of living organism?
Toxins
111
Biological warfare agents classified according to?
Delivery mode
112
Light, short range, ejected electron
Beta radiation
113
single cell - disease causing
bacteria
114
Detects liquid chem
M9 Paper
115
Intracellular parasites that lack system of their own metabolism?
Viruses (simplest type of microorganism)
116
System that provides early warning?
ABDEPS
117
System provides monitoring, sampling and detection of biological agents?
BIDS
118
Heavy short-range particles not able to penetrate clothing or skin?
Alpha
