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Bio 2 > Ch_34_Digestive_System > Flashcards

Ch_34_Digestive_System Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

5 structures in oral cavity

A

tongue, palate, teeth, salivary glands, tonsils

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2
Q

types of teeth from front to back

A

incisors -> canine -> premolars -> molars

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3
Q

molars role

A

grinding/mashing

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4
Q

premolars role

A

ripping/mashing

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5
Q

canine role

A

ripping

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6
Q

incisors role

A

cutting

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7
Q

part of tooth that sticks out of gumline

A

crown

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8
Q

part of tooth that is below gumline

A

root

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9
Q

enamel tooth layer description

A

hard calcium

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10
Q

dentin tooth layer description

A

soft part underneath enamel

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11
Q

pulp tooth layer description

A

marrow, under denton

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12
Q

root canal layer description

A

blood vessel and nerve locations

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13
Q

hard palate role

A

food mashing

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14
Q

soft palate role

A

swallow assistance

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15
Q

tonsils role

A

immune system for toddlers

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16
Q

tongue roles besides taste

A

communication, temperature gauge, describing food

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17
Q

4 types of taste buds (ignoring new 5th one)

A

bitter, salt, sour, sweet

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18
Q

saliva is secreted from the _

A

salivary glands

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19
Q

enzyme released from salivary glands for digesting starch

A

amylase

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20
Q

the _ coats bolus to facilitate swallowing

A

salivary glands

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21
Q

largest salivary gland is the _

A

parotids

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22
Q

where are the parotid salivary glands located

A

cheeks

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23
Q

where are the sublingual salivary glands located

A

underneath tongue front

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24
Q

where are the submandibular salivary glands located

A

underneath tongue back

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25
three stages of swallowing
voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal
26
voluntary stage description
tongue transports bolus to back of mouth
27
pharyngeal stage role
epiglottis closes trachea so that food goes to esophagus
28
esophageal stage
bolus transported passed cardiac sphincter to stomach through peristalsis
29
peristalsis description
involuntary smooth muscle contractions - used in digestive system for food transport
30
rugae description
stomach lining folds - can stretch sensors
31
Stomach mucosa layer description
stomach inner layer that has digestive enzymes
32
chyme description
mixture of food and digestive enzymes in stomach
33
submucosa layer description
middle layer of stomach with blood vessels
34
pyloric sphincter description
sphincter that seperates stomach from small intestine
35
serosa descrption
membrane that covers muscle layers in stomach
36
what does the liver filter out of the blood?
ammonia and toxins
37
what does the liver store?
glycogen and vitamin staroge
38
what does the liver secrete and to where
bile to gall bladder
39
bile role
breaks down fats into smaller peices in duodenum
40
for what type of nutrients does the Pancreas secrete digestive enzymes
all types
41
how does the pancreas neutralize stomach acids
secretes bicarbonate ions which change pH from 2 (stomach) to 9
42
what does the pancreas secrete to regular blood sugar
insulin
43
T/F nutrients are absorbed in small intestine
T
44
small intestine length
21 ft
45
small intestine diameter
1 inch
46
3 sections of small intestine
Duodenum,Jejunum, Ileum
47
Duodenum role
chemical release?
48
Jejunum role
digestion with chemicals released from Duodenum
49
Ileum role
absorb digested material from Jejunum
50
Small Intestine lumen is lined with _
Villi
51
what does a Villus contain
blood lymph vessels
52
the small intestine uses facilitated or simple diffusion to absorb nutrients
both
53
structure that wastes travel through from small to large intestine
Cecum
54
large intestine main role
water absorption
55
large intestine contain _ which creates some vitamins
bacteria
56
six structures of large intestine from cecum to rectum
cecum -> ascending colon -> transverse colon -> descending colon -> sigmoid colon -> rectum
57
cecum role
contains appendix and joins intestines
58
ascending colon location
goes up abdomen
59
transverse colon location
goes across abdomen
60
descending colon location
goes down abdomen
61
sigmoid colon location
curves and attaches to rectum
62
rectum location
final location before anus

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