chapter 1 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Psychology?
The scientific study of the mind and behavior.
What is a Mental Process?
The internal processes that influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
What is Critical Thinking?
The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue to form a judgment.
What does Pseudoscientific mean?
Claims or beliefs that are presented as scientific but lack empirical evidence.
What is Positive Psychology?
The study of what makes life worth living and the factors that contribute to human happiness.
Who is Dr. Wilhelm Wundt?
The founder of modern psychology and established the first psychology laboratory.
What is Introspection?
The examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings.
What is Functionalism?
A psychological approach that focuses on the purpose of consciousness and behavior.
What is Structuralism?
An early school of psychology that aimed to identify the structure of the mind.
Who is William James?
A prominent psychologist and philosopher known for his contributions to functionalism.
Who is Charles Darwin?
The naturalist known for his theory of evolution and natural selection.
What is the Principle of Natural Selection?
The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Who are Neuroscientists?
Scientists who study the nervous system, including the brain.
Who is Dr. B. F. Skinner?
A psychologist known for his work in behaviorism and operant conditioning.
What is the Behavioral Approach?
A perspective in psychology that focuses on observable behaviors and their environmental determinants.
What is the Cognitive Approach?
A psychological perspective that emphasizes mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.
What is the Psychodynamic Approach?
A perspective that views behavior as influenced by unconscious drives and conflicts.
What is the Sociocultural Approach?
A perspective that examines how social and cultural factors influence behavior.
What is Evolutionary Theory?
A theoretical framework that explains behavior in terms of evolutionary principles.
Who are Forensic Psychologists?
Psychologists who apply psychological principles to legal issues.
What is Clinical Psychology?
A branch of psychology focused on diagnosing and treating mental disorders.
What is Development Psychology?
The study of how people grow and change throughout their lifespan.
What is Cognitive Psychology?
The study of mental processes such as perception, memory, and reasoning.
What is Personality Psychology?
The study of individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
