chapter 6 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Who is B. F. Skinner?
B. F. Skinner was an influential American psychologist known for his work in behaviorism and operant conditioning.
What is Extinction in psychology?
Extinction is the gradual weakening of a conditioned response that results in the behavior decreasing or disappearing.
What is a Conditioned Stimulus?
A Conditioned Stimulus is a previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response.
What is an Unconditional Stimulus?
An Unconditional Stimulus is a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without prior learning.
What is an Unconditioned Response?
An Unconditioned Response is an unlearned reaction that occurs naturally in response to an unconditioned stimulus.
What is a Conditioned Response?
A Conditioned Response is a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that has become associated with an unconditioned stimulus.
What are Conditioned Reinforcers?
Conditioned Reinforcers are stimuli that acquire their reinforcing power through association with primary reinforcers.
Who is Martin Seligman?
Martin Seligman is a psychologist known for his work on learned helplessness and positive psychology.
What is Learned Helplessness?
Learned Helplessness is a condition in which a person or animal learns to behave helplessly in a particular situation, typically after experiencing repeated failures.
What is Classical Conditioning?
Classical Conditioning is a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired, leading to a learned response.
What are the Pavlov Dog Experiments?
The Pavlov Dog Experiments demonstrated classical conditioning by training dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell.
What is Fixed-Ratio schedule?
A Fixed-Ratio schedule is a reinforcement schedule that delivers rewards after a specified number of responses.
What is Fixed-Interval schedule?
A Fixed-Interval schedule is a reinforcement schedule that provides rewards after a fixed amount of time has passed.
What is Variable-Interval schedule?
A Variable-Interval schedule is a reinforcement schedule that provides rewards after varying amounts of time.
What is Variable-Ratio schedule?
A Variable-Ratio schedule is a reinforcement schedule that delivers rewards after an unpredictable number of responses.
What is The Famous BOBO Doll Research?
The BOBO Doll Research conducted by Albert Bandura demonstrated observational learning through children’s behavior towards a doll.
Who is Albert Bandura?
Albert Bandura is a psychologist known for his social learning theory and the concept of self-efficacy.
What is The Famous ‘Little Albert Study’?
The Little Albert Study, conducted by John Watson, demonstrated classical conditioning by conditioning a child to fear a white rat.
Who is John Watson?
John Watson was a psychologist known for founding behaviorism and conducting the Little Albert experiment.
What is Operant Conditioning?
Operant Conditioning is a learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.
