chapter 1-3 Flashcards
(92 cards)
1
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
2
Q
rhin/o
A
nose
3
Q
sarc/o
A
flesh
4
Q
sect/o
A
to cut
5
Q
thromb/o
A
clot
6
Q
ur/o
A
urinary tract, urine
7
Q
-cyte
A
cell
8
Q
-algia
A
pain
9
Q
-ectomy
A
removal
10
Q
-emia
A
blood condition
11
Q
-genic
A
pertaining to
producing,
produced by, or
produced in
12
Q
-globin
A
protein
13
Q
-ion
A
process
14
Q
-oma
A
tumor, mass,
swelling
15
Q
-osis
A
condition, usually abnormal (slight increase in numbers when used with blood cells)
16
Q
-sis
A
state of;
condition
17
Q
-tomy
A
process of
cutting, incision
18
Q
dia-
A
complete,
through
19
Q
hypochondriac
A
Right and left upper regions beneath the ribs.
20
Q
epigastric
A
Middle upper region above the stomach.
21
Q
lumbar
A
Right and left middle regions near the waist.
22
Q
umbilical
A
Central region near the navel.
23
Q
inguinal
A
Right and left lower regions near the groin. Also called iliac regions.
24
Q
hypogastric
A
Middle lower region below the umbilical region.
25
adip/o
fat
26
chondr/o
cartilage (type of
connective
tissue)
27
hist/o
tissue
28
ili/o
ilium (upper part
| of the pelvic bone)
29
inguin/o
groin
30
kary/o
nucleus
31
sacr/o
sacrum
32
thel/o, theli/o
nipple
33
trache/o
trachea, windpipe
34
umbilic/o
navel, umbilicus
35
ana-
up
36
cata-
down
37
-plasm
formation
38
-somes
bodies
39
-type
picture, classification
40
acr/o
extremities, top, extreme
| point
41
amni/o
amnion (sac surrounding
| the embryo in the uterus)
42
angi/o
vessel
43
axill/o
armpit
44
blephar/o
eyelid
45
carcin/o
cancer
46
erythr/o
red
47
isch/o
to hold back
48
lapar/o
abdomen, abdominal wall
49
mamm/o
breast
50
mast/o
breast
51
morph/o
shape
52
muc/o
mucus
53
my/o
muscle
54
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marrow
Context of usage indicates
the meaning intended
55
neutr/o
neutrophil (a white blood
| cell)
56
ophthalm/o
eye
57
oste/o
bone
58
ot/o
ear
59
peritone/o
peritoneum
60
phag/o
to eat, swallow
61
phleb/o
vein
62
pneumon/o
lungs
63
pulmon/o
lungs
64
staphyl/o
clusters
65
strept/o
twisted chains
66
ven/o
vein
67
-cele
hernia
68
-centesis
surgical puncture
| to remove fluid
69
-coccus
(singular)
-cocci
(plural)
berry-shaped
bacterium
(plural: bacteria)
70
-dynia
pain
71
-lysis
breakdown,
destruction,
separation
72
-malacia
softening
73
-megaly
enlargement
74
-penia
-penia deficiency
75
-plasia
development,
| formation, growth
76
-plasty
surgical
| repair
77
-ptosis
drooping, falling,
| prolapse
78
-rrhea
flow, discharge
79
-sclerosis
hardening
80
-stasis
controlling, stopping
81
-stomy
opening to form a
| mouth (stoma)
82
-trophy
development,
| nourishment
83
-ole little, small arteriole
-ule little, small venule
84
Streptococcus
a berry-shaped bacterium, grows in twisted chains.
85
Staphylococci
other berry-shaped bacteria, grow in small clusters like grapes.
86
diplococci
berry-shaped bacteria organized in pairs; dipl/o = two)
87
LEUKOCYTES, or white blood cells
There are five different kinds
| of leukocytes: three granulocytes, or polymorphonuclear cells, and two mononuclear cells.
88
Eosinophils
granules stain red [eosin/o = rosy] with acidic stain) are increased in
number in allergic conditions such as asthma. About 3% of leukocytes are
eosinophils.
89
Basophils
(granules stain blue with basic [bas/o = basic] stain). The function of
basophils is not clear, but the number of these cells increases in the healing phase
of inflammation. Less than 1% of leukocytes are basophils.
90
Neutrophils
(granules stain a pale purple with neutral stain) are the most important
disease-fighting cells and the most numerous. About 50% to 60% of all leukocytes
are neutrophils. They are phagocytes (phag/o = eating, swallowing)—engulfing and
digesting bacteria like circulating “pac-men.” Neutrophils are referred to as “polys”
or polymorphonuclear leukocytes (poly = many, morph/o = shape) because of their
multilobed nucleus.
91
Lymphocytes
(lymph cells) fight disease by producing antibodies, thereby destroying
foreign cells. They also may attach directly to foreign cells and destroy them. Two
types of lymphocytes are T cells and B cells. About 32% of white blood cells are
lymphocytes. In AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), patients have a
serious depletion of T lymphocytes (T cells).
92
Monocytes
(containing one [mon/o = one] very large nucleus) engulf and destroy
cellular debris after neutrophils have attacked foreign cells. Monocytes leave the
bloodstream and enter tissues (such as lung and liver) to become macrophages,
which are large phagocytes. Monocytes make up about 4% of all leukocytes.
