Chapter 1 Flashcards
(52 cards)
storm and stress view
Hall’s concept that adolescence is a turbulent time charged with conflict and mood swings
inventionist view
The view that adolescence is a sociohistorical creation.; especially important in this view are the sociohistorical circumstances at the beginning of the twentieth century, a time when legislation was enacted that ensured the dependency of youth and made their move into the economic sphere more manageable
cohort effects
characteristics related to a person’s date of birth, era, or generation rather than to his or her actual chronological age
millennials
The generation born after 1980, the first
to come of age and enter emerging adulthood in the new millennium. Two characteristics of Millennials stand out: (1) their ethnic diversity, and (2) their connection to technology
stereotype
a generalization that reflects our impressions and beliefs about a broad group of people; all stereotypes refer to an image of what the typical member of a specific group is like
adolescent generalization gap
Adelson’s concept of generalizations being made about adolescents based on information regarding a limited, often
highly visible group of adolescents
contexts
the settings in which development
occurs. These settings are influenced by historical, economic, social, and cultural factors
social policy
national government’s course of action designed to infl uence the welfare of its citizens
development
the pattern of change that begins at
conception and continues through the life span - most development involves growth, although it also includes decay (as in death and dying)
biological processes
physical changes in an individual’s body
cognitive processes
changes in an individual’s thinking and intelligence
sociemotional processes
changes in an individual’s personality, emotions, relationships with other people, and social contexts
prenatal period
the time from conception to birth
infancy
the developmental period that extends
from birth to 18 or 24 months of age
early childhood
the developmental period extending from the end of infancy to about 5 or 6 years of age; sometimes called the preschool years
middle and late childhood
the developmental period extending from about 6 to about 10 or 11 years of age; sometimes called the elementary school years
adolescence
the developmental period of transition from childhood to adulthood; it involves biological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes;
begins at approximately 10 to 13 years of age and ends in the late teens
early adolescence
the developmental period that corresponds roughly to the middle school or junior high school years and includes most pubertal change
late adolescence
the developmental period that corresponds approximately to the latter half of the second decade of life. Career interests, dating, and
identity exploration are often more pronounced in late adolescence than in early adolescence
early adulthood
the developmental period beginning in the late teens or early twenties and lasting through the thirties; focus on personal and economic independence, career development
middle adulthood
the developmental period that
is entered at about 35 to 45 years of age and exited at about 55 to 65 years of age; focus on reflecting on life, transmitting values to the younger generation, and worrying about physical deterioration
late adulthood
the developmental period that lasts from about 60 to 70 years of age until death; focus on adjusting to reduced income and physical deterioration
emerging adulthood
the developmental period occurring from approximately 18 to 25 years of age; this transitional period between adolescence and adulthood is characterized by experimentation and exploration; key features include identity exploration, instability, self-focus, feeling in between, and the age of possibilities
resilience
adapting positively and achieving
successful outcomes in the face of significant risks and adverse circumstances
