Chapter 12

Question 1

culture

Answer 1

the behavior, patterns, beliefs, and all other

products of a particular group of people that are passed on from generation to generation.

Question 2

thnocentrism

Answer 2

a tendency to favor one’s own group over other groups

Question 3

cross-cultural studies

Answer 3

studies that compare a culture with one or more other cultures - such studies provide information about the degree to which development in adolescents and emerging adults is similar, or universal, across cultures, or about the degree to which it is culture-specific

Question 4

individualism

Answer 4

emphasizes values that serve the self and gives priority to personal goals rather than group goals

Question 5

collectivism

Answer 5

emphasizes values that serve the group by subordinating personal goals to preserve group integrity

Question 6

rites of passage

Answer 6

ceremonies or rituals that mark an individual’s transition from one status to another, such as the entry into adulthood

Question 7

socioeconomic status (SES)

Answer 7

refers to a grouping of people with similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics

Question 8

feminization of poverty

Answer 8

term reflecting the fact that far more women than men live in poverty; likely causes include women’s low income, divorce,
and the resolution of divorce cases by the judicial system, which leaves women with less money than they and their children need to function adequately

Question 9

ethnicity

Answer 9

a dimension of culture based on cultural

heritage, national characteristics, race, religion, and language

Question 10

prejudice

Answer 10

an unjustified negative attitude toward
an individual because of the individual’s
membership in a group

Question 11

internet

Answer 11

the core of computer-mediated
communication - the Internet system is worldwide and connects thousands of computer networks, providing an incredible array of information—both positive and negative—that adolescents can access