Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Levels of Organization

A

1)Atom 2)molecules 3) cells 4)tissue 5) Organ 6) Organ System 7)Organism

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2
Q

Integumentary System

A

Waterproofs the body, Protects deeper tissue, regulates body temperature. Skin.

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3
Q

Skeletal System

A

Supports the body, provides muscle attachment points, creates blood cells. Femur.

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4
Q

Muscular System

A

produces movement, maintains posture, produces heat. deltoid

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5
Q

nervous system

A

responds to internal and external change in a quick acting manner, activates muscles and glands. Brain

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6
Q

Endocrine system

A

in charge of things that need to happen slowly like growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Pancreas.

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7
Q

cardiovascular system

A

transports materials throughout the body. Heart

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8
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Returns fluids to the vessels, cleanses blood, involved in immunity. Lymph nodes

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9
Q

Respiratory system

A

gas exchange of CO2 and O2. Lungs

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10
Q

Digestive system

A

Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, gets rid of waste. Stomach

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11
Q

Urinary system

A

eliminates waste, maintains acid-base balance, regulates water and electrolites

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12
Q

Reproductive system

A

Produce offspring, create hormones. Testes

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13
Q

nutrients

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals

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14
Q

% of oxygen we get from the oceans

A

80%

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15
Q

percent of our body weight that is water

A

60-80%

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16
Q

Necessary life functions list

A

1)Maintain boundaries 2)Movement 3) Responsiveness 4) Digestion 5) Metabolism 6) Excretion 7) Reproduction 8) Growth

17
Q

Maintain Boundaries

A

keeping what is inside and what is outside separate. Integumentary system/ cell membranes

18
Q

movement

A

moving body parts/ substances

19
Q

Responsiveness/ irritability

A

ability to sense and react to stimuli in the environment

20
Q

Digestion

A

The ability to break down food into nutrients the body is capable of using

21
Q

metabolism

A

all the chemical reactions that take place in cells

22
Q

Survival needs list

A

Nutrients, oxygen, water, stable body temperature, atmospheric pressure

23
Q

homeostasis def

A

maintenance of stable internal conditions

24
Q

negative feedback

A

something gets out of balance and a negative feedback mechanism straightens it out and returns it to balance. Ex. having to pee. your body makes you think you need to pee until you do

25
positive feedback
responds to a stimulus by making it more extreme. Ex. blood clot, your body keeps sending platelets to the wound to stop the blood flow.
26
which two systems are most active in preserving homeostasis
nervous and endocrine
27
elements of homeostasis
1)Stimulus2)receptor3) input sent down afferent pathway 4) control center 5) Output sent down efferent pathway to an effector 6) Response of the effector to the output