Chapter 1 - Intro to Physiology

Question 1

Aggregate of macromolecules used to carry out a specific function in the cell

Answer 1

Organelles

Question 2

What are the four major types of cells?

Answer 2

Muscle, neuron, epithelial cells, connective tissue cells

Question 3

Which cell type plays a role in mobility and stability?

Answer 3

Muscle cells

Question 4

What are the three types of muscle cells?

Answer 4

Skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Question 5

Which cells transmit information in the form of electrical signals?

Answer 5

Neurons

Question 6

What different types of stimuli do neurons respond to?

Answer 6

Light, touch, pain

Question 7

What are the three shapes of epithelial cells?

Answer 7

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 8

endo-

Answer 8

within

Question 9

What is the epithelium that lines the blood vessels called?

Answer 9

endothelium

Question 10

Which cells carry oxygen in the blood stream?

Answer 10

Erythrocytes

Question 11

Which hormone regulates the synthesis of erythrocytes?

Answer 11

Erythropoietin

Question 12

interior cavity of a hollow organ or vessel

Answer 12

lumen

Question 13

Glands that secrete a product into a duct leading to the external environment

Answer 13

Exocrine glands

Question 14

Glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Answer 14

Endocrine glands

Question 15

Name two examples of exocrine glands.

Answer 15

Sweat glands and salivary glands

Question 16

What are the two most important constituents of extracellular matrix?

Answer 16

Elastin & collagen

Question 17

TBW

Answer 17

total body water

Question 18

ICF

Answer 18

intracellular fluid

Question 19

ECF

Answer 19

extracellular fluid

Question 20

Which body system does not have a role in maintaining homeostasis?

Answer 20

the reproductive system

Question 21

homeostasis

Answer 21

the maintenance of relatively constant conditions in the internal environment

Question 22

a type of feedback commonly employed in homeostatic regulatory systems in which the response of a system goes in a direction opposite to the change that set it in motion

Answer 22

negative feedback

Question 23

chemoreceptors

Answer 23

cells that are sensitive to concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 24

thermoreceptors

Answer 24

cells that are sensitive to temperature

Question 25

groups of cells, usually in the CNS or an endocrine gland, that use sensory information to determine a response response and communicate commands to effectors

Answer 25

integrating center

Question 26

cells, tissues, or organs that respond to neural or chemical signals

Answer 26

effectors

Question 27

cells, tissues, or organs that respond to output signals of the integrating center and bring about the final response

Answer 27

effectors