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Pharmacology > Chapter 10: Adrenergic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Adrenergic Pharmacology Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

alpha-methyltyrosine

A

inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase (RL step) to prevent formation of catecholamines

Not really used clinically because there are better medications for hypertension

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2
Q

reserpine

A

irreversibly inhibits VMAT so that vesicles cannot store dopamine and NE

Not really used clinically since it is irreversible

But can be used to assess what concentration of a drug is needed

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3
Q

Guanethidine

A

acts as a “false neurotransmitter” and is transported into neurons by NET….essentially displaces NE

can lead to postural hypotension or hypotension after exercise

TX: hypertension
Don’t use with MAOI

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4
Q

Guanadrel

A

Same as Guanethidine

Tx: hypertension

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5
Q

Amphetamine

A

MOA: displace catecholamines from storage, block NE reuptake by NET, weakly inhibit MAO

TX: ADHD & narcolepsy

Lots of side effects (addiction potential, loss of appetite, irritability, ED)

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6
Q

Methylphenidate

A

MOA: displaces catecholamines from storage vesicles, blocks NE reuptake by NET, weakly inhibit MAO

TX: ADHD

A lot of side effects

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7
Q

Pseudophedrine

A

MOA: inhibits catecholamine storage in vesicles
TX: allergic rhinitis & nasal decongestion
“Sudafed” - over the counter decongestant
DO NOT USE W MAOIs

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8
Q

Cocaine

A

MOA: inhibit NET reuptake (allows accumulation of NE in synpatic cleft)

TX: sometimes local anesthetic; drug abuse

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9
Q

Imipramine

A

Same as Cocaine

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10
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Basically same as Cocaine; used as an antidepressant

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11
Q

Phenelzine

A

MAOI for depression tx

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12
Q

Iproniazid

A

MAOI for depression tx

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13
Q

Tranylcypromine

A

MAOI for depression tx

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14
Q

Selegiline

A

MAOI used for Parkinson tx

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15
Q

Why can’t you use MAOIs with SSRIs?

A

BAD NEWS! SEROTONIN SYNDROME! = seizures, coma, death

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16
Q

What type of foods must you avoid if taking MAOIs?

A

Fermented foods that contain tyrosine - think red wine or aged cheese.

Why? Risk of hypertensive crisis.

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17
Q

Nemonic for 3 major MAOIs?

A 
When you're in the PITS, take MAOIs
P - phenelzine
I - iproniazid
T - tranylcypromise
S - selegiline
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18
Q

Alpha 1 agonist function?

A

increase peripheral resistance to maintain or increase blood pressure

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19
Q

Methoxamine

A

MOA: alpha 1 agonist
TX: hypotension, shock
Very limited clinical use for Shock

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20
Q

Phenylephrine
Oxymetazoline
Tetrahydrozoline
the “POT” triad

A

MOA: alpha 1 agonist
TX: nasal congestion
Use over the counter for nasal congestion, eye congestion

Rebound symptoms are common is used for over 3 days…sick. literally.

*when you smoke pot your eyes get red and runny! use POT!

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21
Q

Alpha 2 agonist function?

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A

Inhibits sympathetic outflow from the CNS –> lowers blood pressure

22
Q

Clonidine

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A

MOA: alpha 2 agonist
TX: hypertension, opioid withdrawal, cancer pain

23
Q

Dexmedetomidine

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A

MOA: alpha 2 agonist
TX: sedation of surgical and ICU patients
ANESTHESTIC - LIKE!

24
Q

Methyldopa

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A

MOA: alpha 2 agonist
TX: hypertension in Preggo Ladies

25
Beta 1 agonist function?
stimulates heart and raises BP via renin
26
Beta 2 agonist function?
relaxes smooth muscle and increases gluceoneogenesis Think of bronchodilation for ASTHMA
27
Isoprotenol
Non-selective B1 B2 agonist, meaning it can help with asthma buttt you will also have adverse heart effects - increased HR, irregular respirations, etc.
28
Dobutamine
This is the dude with the weird racemic mixture crap! Basically A1 agonist/antagonist actions cancel each other out so you're left with: B1 agonist behavior TX: IV for urgent & severe heart failure
29
Metaproterenol
MOA: B2 selective agonist | Asthma
30
Terbutaline
MOA: B2 selective agonist | Asthma
31
Albuterol
MOA: B2 selective agonist | Asthma
32
Salmeterol
MOA: B2 selective agonist | Asthma
33
Phenoxybenzamine
MOA: irreversibly BLOCKS a1 and a2 (antagonist) TX: hypertension and sweating
34
Prazosin Terazosin Doxazosin
MOA: a1 antagonist (blocks 'em up) TX: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplaisa Because postural hypotension is big risk, small doses given at first.
35
Which has the shortest half life? Prazosin, terazosin, or doxazosin?
prazosin
36
Tamsulosin
MOA: a1 antagonist TX: benign prostatic hyperplasia * has specificity for genitourinary tract
37
Drugs used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia?
SINS! | Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin
38
Yohimbine
MOA: a2 antagonist (binds to self receptor to increase release of neurotransmitters) TX: Impotence/ED Do not use with psych patients, mind altering drugs, ulcers, preggos... "Yo, Him, get it up!"
39
Nemonic for B adrenergic antagonists? Major use?
LOLs (the beta blockers!) for hypertension
40
Propanolol
MOA: B1 B2 blocker TX: hypertension May result in decrease libido
41
Serious or common side effects of beta blockers? Don't want to use these if you have ____?
Bronchospasm and wheezing - so you don't want to use these if you have asthma or heart issues!!!
42
Which beta blocker would you avoid with a patient with liver issues? Why?
labetalol - can cause hepatotxicity/liver damage.
43
Which beta blocker would you use to treat hypertension if the patient has bradycardia or limited cardiac reserve?
Pindolol
44
What beta blocker would you use for emergency B blockage, thyroid storm? Hint: very very short half life
Esmolol (half life of only 3-4 minutes)
45
Which drug used to treat hypertension has a high risk of postural hypotension, or hypotension following exercise?
Guanethidine or guandrel
46
What drug would you use to assess whether the effect of a drug requires concentraion at presynaptic terminals?
Reserpine
47
Typical type of drugs to treat depression? Name 3 specifically
PITS - phenelzine iproniazid tranylcypromine
48
What drug can be used to both treat hypertension and symptoms of opioid withdrawal?
Clonidine
49
What drug would you use to treat hypertension in a pregnant female?
Methyldopa
50
What beta agonist can be used to treat urgent heart failure?
dobutamine
51
What alpha antagonist would you use to treat ED?
Yohimbine
52
What beta blocker may cause decreased libido and sedation?
Propanolol

Pharmacology (22 decks)

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