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Anatomy, Physiology, and Terminology > Chapter 11 - Blood & Immunity > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - Blood & Immunity Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

A white blood cell that does not have visible granules in its cytoplasm.

A

agranulocyte

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2
Q

A simple protein found in blood plasma

A

albumin

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3
Q

A protein produced in response to and interacting specifically with an antigen

A

antibody

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4
Q

A substance that induces the formation of an antibody

A

antigen

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5
Q

Immune cell that takes in a foreign antigen, processes it, and presents it on the cell surface in combination with the body’s own proteins

A

antigen-presenting cell (APC)

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6
Q

A lymphocyte that matures in lymphoid tissue and is active in producing antibodies

A

B cell

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7
Q

An immature neutrophil with a nucleus in the shape of a band; also called a stab cell.

A

Band cell

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8
Q

A granular leukocyte that stains with basic dyes; active in allergic reactions

A

basophil

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9
Q

The fluid that circulates in the cardiovascular system (root: hem/o, hemat/o)

A

blood

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10
Q

Testing the compatibility of donor and recipient blood in preparation for a transfusion

A

cross-matching

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11
Q

Blood clotting

A

coagulation

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12
Q

A substance that separates into charged particles (ions) in solution; a salt. Term also applied to ions in body fluids

A

electrolyte

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13
Q

A granular leukocyte that stains with acidic dyes; active in allergic reactions and defense against parasites

A

eosinophil

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14
Q

A red blood cell (root: erythr/o, erythrocyt/o)

A

erythrocyte

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15
Q

A hormone produced in the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.

A

erythropoietin (EPO)

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16
Q

The protein that forms a clot in the process of blood coagulation

A

fibrin

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17
Q

The inactive precursor of fibrin

A

fibrinogen

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17
Q

The fraction of the blood plasma that contains antibodies; given for passive transfer of immunity

A

gamma globulin

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18
Q

The cellular components of blood

A

formed elements

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19
Q

A white blood cell that has visible granules in its cytoplasm.

A

granulocyte

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20
Q

The iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that transports oxygen

A

hemoglobin (Hb, Hgb)

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21
Q

The stoppage of bleeding

A

hemostasis

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22
Q

The state of being protected against a specific disease (root: immun/o)

A

immunity

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23
Q

An antibody; each abbreviated with a capital letter: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE

A

immunoglobulin (Ig)

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24
A white blood cell
leukocyte
25
An agranular leukocyte active in immunity
lymphocyte
26
A large bone marrow cell that fragments to release platelets
megakaryocyte
27
A phagocytic cell derived from a monocyte; usually located within the tissues.
macrophage
28
An agranular phagocytic leukocyte
monocyte
29
A granular leukocyte that stains with acidic or basic dyes. The most numerous of the white blood cells. A type of phagocyte
neutrophil
30
The engulfing of foreign material by white blood cells
phagocytosis
31
The liquid portion of the blood
plasma
31
A mature form of a B cell that produces antibodies
plasma cell
32
A formed element of the blood that is active in hemostasis; a thrombocyte (root: thrombocyt/o)
platelet
33
A lymphocyte that matures in the thymus gland and attacks foreign cells directly
T cell
34
The fraction of the plasma that remains after blood coagulation; it is the equivalent of plasma without its clotting factors
serum
35
A blood platelet (root: thrombocyt/o)
thrombocyte
36
Hypersensitivity
allergy
37
Failure of the immune system caused by infection with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
38
A substance that causes an allergic response
allergen
39
An exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign substance. It may lead to death caused by circulatory collapse, and respiratory distress if untreated
anaphylactic reaction
40
Anemia caused by bone marrow failure resulting in deficient blood cell production
aplastic anemia
41
A condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against an individual's own tissues
autoimmune disease
41
The rupture of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin
hemolysis
42
A hereditary blood disease caused by lack of a clotting factor and resulting in abnormal bleeding
hemophilia
43
Anemia that results from blood loss, as from an injury or internal bleeding
hemorrhagic anemia
44
A congenital or acquired failure of the immune system to protect against disease
immunodeficiency
45
Malignant overgrowth of immature white blood cells; may be chronic or acute; may affect bone marrow
leukemia
46
Any disease of the lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
47
Pinpoint, flat, purplish-red spots caused by bleeding within the skin or mucous membrane
petechiae
48
A skin reaction consisting of round, raised eruptions (wheals) with itching; hives
urticaria
49
A condition characterized by hemorrhages into the skin, mucous membranes, internal organs, and other tissues
purpura
49
A deficiency of thrombocytes (platelets) in the blood
thrombocytopenia
50
A powerful stimulant produced by the adrenal gland and sympathetic nervous system. Activates the cardiovascular, respiratory, and other systems needed to meet stress.
epinephrine
51
Dissolved salts found in body fluids are:
electrolytes
51
The prevention of blood loss is:
hemostasis
52
The substance that forms a blood clot is:
fibrin
53
A platelet is also called a(n):
thrombocyte
54
Macrophages are descendants of:
monocytes
55
What is true for people with type B blood?
Their blood will agglutinate with anti-B serum.
56
The skin, mucus, cilia, and lymph nodes are components of:
innate immunity
57
The formed elements in blood are the:
cells
58
The main function of erythrocytes is to:
carry oxygen.
59
A group of blood enzymes active in immune responses is the:
complement.
60
Cytopenia is a(n):
deficiency of cells
61
A leukoblast is a(n):
immature white blood cell
62
Immunity acquired by contact with a disease organism is described as:
adaptive
63
An increase in platelets in the blood:
thrombocythemia
64
Formation of lymphocytes:
lymphopoiesis
65
The common term for hypersensitivity is:
allergy
66
Petechiae, ecchymoses, and purpura are all signs of:
bleeding into the skin.
67
Hodgkin disease involves the:
Lymphatic system
68
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a disorder that results from:
Rh incompatibility between a mother and child
69
In azotemia, there are:
nitrogenous compounds in the blood.

Anatomy, Physiology, and Terminology (15 decks)

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