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Medical terminology > Chapter 12: Eye > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Eye Flashcards

(132 cards)

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1
Q

eye

A

organ of vision

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2
Q

sclera

A

outer protective layer of the eye; the portion seen on the anterior portion of the eyeball is referred to as the white of the eye

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3
Q

cornea

A

transparent anterior part of the sclera, which is anterior to the aqueous humor and lies over the iris. it allows the light rays to enter the eye.

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4
Q

uvea

A

layer of tissue beneath the sclera and cornea; contains the choroid, iris, and ciliary body

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5
Q

choroid

A

middle layer of the eye, which is interlaced with many blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye

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6
Q

iris

A

pigmented muscular structure that regulates the amount of light entering the eye by controlling the size of the pupil

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7
Q

ciliary body

A

connects the choroid to the iris; produces aqueous humor and helps change the shape of the lens for focusing

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8
Q

pupil

A

opening in the center of the iris

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9
Q

lens

A

lies directly behind the pupil; its function is to focus and bend light

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10
Q

retina

A

innermost layer of the eye, which contains the vision receptors

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11
Q

macula

A

small portion of the retina at the back of the eye; responsible for detailed central vision

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12
Q

optic nerve

A

carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain

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13
Q

aqueous humor

A

watery liquid found in the anterior cavity of the eye. it provides nourishment to surrounding structures and maintains shape in the anterior portion of the eye

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14
Q

vitreous humor

A

jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape

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15
Q

meibomian glands

A

oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the help lubricate the eye (also called tarsal glands)

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16
Q

lacrimal apparatus

A

network of glands, ducts, canals, and sacs that produce and drain tears; the lacrimal gland produces tears, which then flow through lacrimal ducts to cover the surface of the eye.

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17
Q

conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior portion of the sclera

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18
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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19
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

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20
Q

cor/o

A

pupil

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21
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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22
Q

dacry/o

A

tears

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23
Q

ir/o

A

iris

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24
Q

irid/o

A

iris

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25
kerat/o
cornea
26
lacrim/o
tear
27
ocul/o
eye
28
ophthalm/o
eye
29
opt/o
vision
30
phac/o
lens
31
phak/o
lens
32
pupill/o
pupil
33
retin/o
retina
34
scler/o
sclera
35
uve/o
uvea
36
angi/o
vessels; blood vessels
37
blast/o
developing cell, germ cell
38
cry/o
cold
39
cyst/o
bladder, sace
40
dipl/o
two, double
41
is/o
equal
42
leuk/o
white
43
myc/o
fungus
44
nas/o
nose
45
phot/o
light
46
pseud/o
false
47
rhin/o
nose
48
ton/o
tension, pressure
49
xer/o
dry, dryness
50
a-, an-
absence of, without
51
bin-
two
52
endo-
within
53
intra-
within
54
-al
pertaining to
55
-algia
pain
56
-ar
pertaining to
57
-ary
pertaining to
58
-eal
pertaining to
59
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
60
-graphy
process of recording, radiographic image
61
-ia
diseased or abnormal state, condition of
62
-ic
pertaining to
63
-itis
inflammation
64
-logist
one who studies and treats
65
-logy
study of
66
-malacia
softening
67
-meter
instrument used to measure
68
-metry
measurement
69
-oma
tumor, swelling
70
-opia
vision
71
-osis
abnormal condition
72
-pathy
disease
73
-pexy
surgical fixation
74
-phobia
abnormal fear or aversion
75
-plasty
surgical repair
76
-plegia
paralysis
77
-ptosis
drooping, sagging, prolapse
78
-scope
instrument used for visual examination
79
-scopy
visual examination
80
-stomy
creation of an artificial opening
81
-tomy
cut into, incision
82
aphakia
condition of without a lens
83
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid
84
blepharoptosis
drooping of the eyelid
85
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva
86
dacryocystitis
inflammation of the tear sac
87
diplopia
double vision
88
endophthalmitis
inflammation within the eye
89
iridoplegia
paralysis of the iris
90
iritis
inflammation of the iris
91
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
92
keratomalacia
softening of the cornea
93
leukocoria
condition of white pupil
94
oculomycosis
abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus
95
ophthalmopathy
disease of the eye
96
ophthalmalgia
pain in the eye
97
ophthalmoplegia
paralysis of the eye (muscle)
98
phacomalacia
softening of the lens
99
retinoblastoma
tumor arising from a developing retinal cell
100
retinopathy
(non inflammatory) disease of the retina
101
scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
102
scleromalacia
softening of the sclera
103
uveitis
inflammation of the uvea
104
uveoscleritis
inflammation of the uvea and sclera
105
xerophthalmia
condition of dry eye (conjunctiva and cornea)
106
amblyopia
reduced vision in one eye caused by disuse or misuse associated with strabismus, unequal refractive errors, or otherwise impaired vision. the brain suppresses images from the impaired eye to avoid double vision
107
anisometropia
significant unequal error between two eyes
108
astigmatism
blurred vision caused by irregualr curvature of the cornea or lens. light refracts improperly resulting in diffused rather than points of light focusing on the retina
109
cataract
clouding of the lens of the eye
110
chalazion
noninfected obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid
111
drusen
yellowish deposits located under the retina; commonly associated with aging and macular degeneration
112
glaucoma
eye disorder characterized by increase of intraocular pressure. if left untreated may progress to optic nerve damage and visual impairment/ loss
113
hyperopia
farsightedness
114
hyphema
hemorrhage within the anterior chamber of the eye; most often caused by blunt trauma
115
macular degeneration
progressive deterioration of the portion of the retina called macula, resulting in loss of central vision. age related macular degeneration is the leading cause of legal blindness in persons older than 65yrs
116
myopia
nearsightedness
117
nyctalopia
poor vision at night or in faint light
118
nystagmus
involuntary, jerking movements of the eye
119
pinguecula
yellowish mass on the conjunctiva that may be related to long term exposure to UV light, dry climate, dust. if it spreads to the cornea it becomes pterygium
120
presbyopia
impaired vision as a result of aging
121
pterygium
this tissue growing onto the cornea from the conjunctiva usually caused by sun exposure
122
retinal detachment
separation of retina from the choroid in the posterior portion of the eye resulting in a disruption of vision that may be permanent if treatment is delayed. onset may be gradual or sudden and is not painful
123
retinitis pigmentosa
hereditary progressive disease marked by night blindness with atrophy and retinal pigment changes
124
strabismus
condition in which the eyes look in different directions; caused by disfunction of the external eye muscles or uncorrected refractive error
125
sty
infection of an oil gland of the eyelid
126
blepharoplasty
surgical repair of the eyelid
127
cryoretinopexy
surgical fixation of the retina by using extreme cold (CO2)
128
dacryocystorhinostomy
creation of an artificial opening between the tear sac and the nose
129
iridectomy
excision of the iris
130
iridotomy
incision of the iris
131
keratoplasty
surgical repair of the cornea
132
sclerotomy
incision into the sclera

Medical terminology (12 decks)

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