Chapter 4: integumentary system Flashcards
1
Q
skin
A
organ covering the body; made up of layers (also called cutaneous membrane)
2
Q
epidermis
A
outer layer of skin, protects the body from external environment
3
Q
keratin
A
scleroprotein component of the horny, or cornified, layer of the epidermis. also the primary component of the hair and nails
4
Q
melanin
A
dark pigmented by melanocytes; amount present determines skin color
5
Q
hair
A
compressed; keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles, the sacs that enclose the hair fibers
6
Q
nails
A
horny plates made from flattened epithelial cell; found on the dorsal surface of the ends of fingers and toes
7
Q
sebaceous glands
A
secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis
8
Q
sudoriferous glands
A
tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin’s surface and secrete sweat (aka sweat glands)
9
Q
dermis
A
inner layer of skin; responsible for its flexibility and mechanical strength
10
Q
hypodermis
A
layer between the dermis and the underlying tissues and organs; contains adipose tissue, connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels (also called subcutaneous layer)
11
Q
cutane/o
A
skin
12
Q
derm/o
A
skin
13
Q
dermat/o
A
skin
14
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat
15
Q
kerat/o
A
horny tissue (keratin), hard
16
Q
onych/o
A
nail
17
Q
seb/o
A
sebum/ oil
18
Q
trich/o
A
hair
19
Q
ungu/o
A
nail
20
Q
aden/o
A
gland
21
Q
crypt/o
A
hidden
22
Q
erythr/o
A
red
23
Q
leuk/o
A
white
24
Q
myc/o
A
fungus
25
pachy/o
thick
26
rhytid/o
wrinkles
27
scler/o
hard
28
staphyl/o
grapelike clusters
29
strept/o
twisted chains
30
xanth/o
yellow
31
xer/o
dry/ dryness
32
epi-
on, upon, over
33
intra-
within
34
para-
beside, beyond, around
35
per-
through
36
sub-
under, below
37
trans-
through, across, beyond
38
-a
noun suffix, no meaning
39
-al
pertaining to
40
-coccus | -cocci
berry shaped (form of bacterium)
41
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
42
-genic
producing, originating, causing
43
-ia
diseased or abnormal state, condition of
44
-ic
pertaining to
45
-itis
inflammation
46
-logist
one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)
47
-logy
study of
48
-malacia
softening
49
-oma
tumor, swelling
50
-osis
abnormal condition (means increase when used with blood cell word roots)
51
-ous
pertaining to
52
-phagia
eating or swallowing
53
-plasty
surgical repair
54
-rrhea
flow, discharge
55
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
56
dermatofibroma
fibrous tumor of the skin
57
hidradenitis
inflammation of a sweat gland
58
keratosis
abnormal condition (growth) of horny tissue (keratin)
59
onychocryptosis
abnormal condition of a hidden nail (aka an ingrown nail)
60
onychomalacia
softening of the nails
61
onychomycosis
abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails
62
onychophagia
eating the nails (nail bitting)
63
pachyderma
thickening of the skin
64
paronychia
diseased state around the nail
65
scleroderma
hard skin (chronic hardening or induration of the connective tissue of the skin and other organs)
66
seborrhea
discharge of sebum
67
xanthoma
dry skin (a mild form of a cutaneous disorder characterized by keratinization and noninflammatory scaling)
68
albinism
congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes
69
basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of the epidermis called the basal layer. it seldom metastasizes, but invades local tissue and may recur in the same location. common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure
70
candidiasis
infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast type fungus "candida albicans". 'candida' is normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes infection. esophageal candidiasis is often seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
71
carbuncle
infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of boils caused by staphylococcal bacteria
72
cellulitis
inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection; characterized by redness, pain, heat, and swelling
73
contusion
injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration
74
eczema
noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
75
fissure
slit or crack like sore in the skin
76
furnuncle
painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (boil)
77
gangrene
death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion ( a type of necrosis)
78
herpes
inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. Many types of herpes exist. herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes zoster (shingles)
79
impetigo
superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci
80
kaposi sarcoma
cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs; frequently seen with AIDS
81
keloid
overgrowth of scar tissue
82
laceration
torn, ragged edged wound
83
measles
highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever, runny nose, cough and spreading skin rash. can lead to other deadly issues. is fatal even though there is a vaccine
84
MRSA infection
invasion of body tissue by methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus (a strain of common bacteria that is resistant to methicillin and other antibiotics). can cause skin/ bloodstream infections and can be fatal. common in hospitals and long term care facilities
85
pediculosis
invasion into the skin and hair by lice
86
pilonidal cyst
abnormal pocket of skin that contains hair and skin debris. it is frequently located near the tailbone, at the top of the cleft of the buttocks. if it becomes infected, it can be painful and may require surgery
87
pressure injury
damage of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients. can be intact skin or an open ulcer
88
psoriasis
chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales
89
rosacea
chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and abnormal dilation of tiny blood vessels. usually in the central part of the face
90
scabies
skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing in the outer layer of skin and laying eggs
91
squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
malignant growth developing from scalelike epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis, it invades local tissue and may metastasize. can also happen on lips and genitals
92
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidney, and nervous system. autoimmune disease characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. can effect other organs
93
tinea
fungal infection of the skin. The fungi may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails. The infection is classified by location (tinea capitis, tinea pedis, tinea corporis)
94
urticaria
itchy skin eruption composed of wheals of varying size and shapes. Can be associated with infections, allergic reactions, internal disease. (aka hives)
95
vitiligo
white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes
96
cauterization
destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current or caustic substance
97
cryosurgery
destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often with the use of liquid nitrogen
98
debridement
removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound
99
dermabrasion
procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material
100
excision
removal by cutting
101
incision
surgical cut or wound procedure by a sharp instrument
102
incision and drainage (I&D)
surgical cut made to allow the withdraw of fluids from a lesion/ wound/ cavity
103
laser surgery
procedure using an instrument that emits a high powered beam of light used to cut, burn, destroy tissue
104
Mohs surgery
technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of a skin cancer
105
skin graft
skin transplanted to replace lost portion of the body skin surface. May be a full thickness or split- thickness graft
106
suturing
to stitch edges of a wound surgically
107
erythroderma
red skin/ abnormal redness of the skin
108
hypertrichosis
abnormal condition of excessive hair growth (also called hirsutism)
109
leukoderma
white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)
110
xanthoderma
yellow skin
111
xerosis
abnormal condition of dryness (of skin, eye, or mouth)
112
cutaneous
pertaining to skin
113
epidermal
pertaining to upon the skin
114
hypodermic
pertaining to under the skin
115
intradermal (ID)
pertaining to within the skin
116
keratogenic
producing horny tissue
117
percutaneous
pertaining to through the skin
118
subcutaneous
pertaining to under the skin
119
subungual
pertaining to under the nail
120
transdermal (TD)
pertaining to through the skin
121
ungual
pertaining to the nail
122
abscess
localized collection of pus and other material. can be cutaneous or internal
123
alopecia
loss of hair (androgenic, areata, traction)
124
cyst
closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material; can be in the skin or other area of the body
125
diaphoresis
sweating
126
ecchymosis
large (>1 cm), flat, blue purple lesion caused by escape of blood into deep areas of the skin as may occur when blood is withdrawn by needle and syringe from an arm vein
127
edema
puffy swelling from accumulation of fluid
128
induration
abnormal hard spots or area of skin; may include underlying tissue
129
jaundice
condition characterized by yellow coloring of the skin, mucous membrane and sclera caused by presence of bile
130
lesion
visable change in tissue from injury or disease
131
leukoplakia
white spots or patches on mucous membrane, can be precancerous
132
macule
flat, colored spot on the skin
133
nevus
circumscribed malformation of the skin. congenital nevus is present at birth; birthmark
134
nodule
small, knotlike mass that can be felt by touch
135
pallor
paleness
136
papule
small solid skin elevation
137
petechiae
tiny (.3cm<), pinpoint, bright red lesion from escape of blood into the skin and mucous membrane
138
pruritus
itching
139
purpura
small (.3 - 1cm), reddish purple lesion from escape of blood into skin and mucous membrane
140
pustule
elevation of skin containing pus
141
ulcer
erosion of the skin or mucous membrane
142
verruca
circumcised elevation caused by virus
143
vesicle
small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid
144
wheal
transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and red surrounding area (singular urticaria)
145
CA- MRSA
HA- MRSA
CA: community assoc. MRSA
HA: healthcare assoc. MRSA
146
SLE
systemic lupus erythematous
147
FTSG, STSG
FTSG: full thickness skin graft
STSG: split thickness skin graft
148
ID, TD
intradermal, transdermal
149
subcut
subcutaneous
