Chapter 14 Book: Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe Frued’s pyschosexual stages?

A

Oral: (0-18 months), Pleasure centers on the mouth sucking, biting, chewing
Anal: (18-36 months), Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control
Phallic: (3-6 years), Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings
Latency: (6- puberty), A phase of dormant sexual feelings
Genital: (puberty on), Maturation of sexual interests

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2
Q

Oedipus [ED-uh-puss] :

A

complex according to Freud, a boy’s sexual desires

toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father.

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3
Q

identification:

A

the process by which, according to Freud, children incorporate
their parents’ values into their developing superegos.

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4
Q

fixation:

A

in personality theory, according to Freud, a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts
were unresolved.

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5
Q

collective unconscious :

A

Carl Jung’s concept of a shared, inherited reservoir

of memory traces from our species’ history.

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6
Q

terror-management theory:

A

a theory of death-related anxiety; explores
people’s emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending
death.

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7
Q

humanistic theories:

A

theories that view personality with a focus on the

potential for healthy personal growth.

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8
Q

unconditional positive regard:

A

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude,

which Carl Rogers believed would help people develop self-awareness and self acceptance.

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9
Q

trait:

A

a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act in certain ways, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.

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10
Q

personality inventory:

A
a questionnaire (often with true-false or agree-disagree items) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of
feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits.
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11
Q

social-cognitive perspective:

A

views behavior as influenced by the interaction

between people’s traits (including their thinking) and their social context.

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12
Q

reciprocal determinism:

A

the interacting influences of behavior, internal

cognition, and environment.

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13
Q

self:

A

in contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings, and actions.

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14
Q

spotlight effect:

A

overestimating others’ noticing and evaluating our
appearance, performance, and blunders (as if we presume a spotlight shines on
us).

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