chapter 15 book

Question 1

medical model:

Answer 1

the concept that diseases, in this case psychological
disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.

Question 2

epigenetics:

Answer 2

the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change.

Question 3

What is insomnia disorder and what is it characterized by?

Answer 3

-Feeling unsatisfied with amount or quality of sleep (trouble falling
asleep, staying asleep, or returning to sleep)
-Sleep disruption causes distress or diminished everyday
functioning
-Happens three or more nights each week
-Occurs during at least three consecutive months
-Happens even with sufficient sleep opportunities
-Independent from other sleep disorders (such as narcolepsy)
-Independent from substance use or abuse
-Independent from other mental disorders or medical conditions

Question 4

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD):

Answer 4

a psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity.

Question 5

What page is the index of Americans suffering from psychological disorders on?

Answer 5

1507

Question 6

What page has the risk factors associated with psychological disorders.

Answer 6

1508

Question 7

amongst what population is OCD most common?

Answer 7

Teens

Question 8

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) :

Answer 8

a disorder characterized by haunting
memories, nightmares, hypervigilance, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a
traumatic experience.

Question 9

major depressive disorder:

Answer 9

a disorder in which a person experiences, in the
absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks with five or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2)
loss of interest or pleasure.

Question 10

rumination:

Answer 10

compulsive fretting; overthinking our problems and their causes.

Question 11

chronic schizophrenia:

Answer 11

• (also called process schizophrenia) a form of
  schizophrenia in which symptoms usually appear by late adolescence or early
  adulthood.
• As people age, psychotic episodes last longer and recovery periods
  shorten.

Question 12

• acute schizophrenia;

Answer 12

(also called reactive schizophrenia) a form of
schizophrenia that can begin at any age, frequently occurs in response to an
emotionally traumatic event, and has extended recovery periods.

Question 13

personality disorders:

Answer 13

inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair

social functioning.

Question 14

anorexia nervosa:

Answer 14

an eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight; sometimes accompanied by excessive exercise

Question 15

bulimia nervosa:

Answer 15

an eating disorder in which a person’s binge eating (usually of high-calorie foods) is followed by inappropriate weight-loss promoting
behavior, such as vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.

Question 16

binge-eating disorder:

Answer 16

significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress,
disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory behavior that marks bulimia
nervosa.