Chapter 14 Brain

Question 1

tracts that run from the right to the left side of the brain are called

Answer 1

commissural tracts

Question 2

tracts that run from the cerebrum to the pons would be called

Answer 2

projection

Question 3

a major part of the brain that controls intellect, movement as well as sensation

Answer 3

cerebrum

Question 4

large cleft between the right and left cerebral hemispheres

Answer 4

longitudinal fissure

Question 5

crevice found between the frontal and parietal lobes of the cerebrum

Answer 5

central sulcus

Question 6

capillary network that makes cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 6

choroid plexus

Question 7

type of neuroglial cell that lines the third ventricle

Answer 7

ependyma

Question 8

name the brain ventricle that is paired (two of them)

Answer 8

lateral ventricles

Question 9

name the ventricle that is flanked on either side by the thalamus

Answer 9

third

Question 10

name the connection between the third and fourth ventricle

Answer 10

cerebral aqueduct

Question 11

name the layer of meninges that is partially fused to the cranium

Answer 11

dura mater

Question 12

name the deepest layer of the brain meninges

Answer 12

pia mater

Question 13

name the blood vessel that is found in the longitudinal fissure

Answer 13

superior sagittal sinus

Question 14

name the dense connective tissue fold found in the longitudinal fissure that helps maintain position of the brain

Answer 14

falx cerebri

Question 15

name the meningeal layer made of dense fibrous connective tissue

Answer 15

dura mater

Question 16

name the meningeal space where the CSF is found

Answer 16

subarachnoid space

Question 17

what is the name for the tree-like extensions of the arachnoid that protrude into the superior sagittal sinus

Answer 17

arachnoid villi

Question 18

what is found inside of the superior sagittal sinus

Answer 18

blood

Question 19

what is the term for the outer gray matter “rim” that can be seen on the edge of the cerebrum

Answer 19

cortex

Question 20

what is found in the cerebral cortex

Answer 20

neuron cell bodies

Question 21

in which lobe of the brain is the primary visual cortex found

Answer 21

occipital

Question 22

lobe of the brain where the primary auditory cortex is found

Answer 22

temporal

Question 23

the wormy folds seen on the surface of the cerebrum are called

Answer 23

gyri

Question 24

primary motor cortex is found in this gyrus

Answer 24

precentral

Question 25

where the primary somatosensory cortex is found in the cerebrum

Answer 25

postcentral gyrus

Question 26

the term for groups of neuron cell bodies in the CNS

Answer 26

nucleus

Question 27

part of the cerebrum that functions in controlling semi-automatic movements and patterns of movement

Answer 27

basal nuclei

Question 28

major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the basal nuclei produced by the substantia nigra

Answer 28

dopamine

Question 29

name for the caricature of the body as seen on the pre- and postcentral gyrus

Answer 29

homunculus

Question 30

most superior part of the brain stem

Answer 30

mesencephalon (midbrain)

Question 31

part of the diencephalon where sensory impulses synapse before reaching the cerebral cortex

Answer 31

thalamus

Question 32

name for the system of the brain that includes structures involved in motivation, learning, and emotions

Answer 32

limbic system

Question 33

part of the limbic system important in learning (long-term memory)

Answer 33

hippocampus

Question 34

tract superior to the thalamus that connects structures of the limbic system

Answer 34

fornix

Question 35

major functions of the cerebellum

Answer 35

coordination and equilibrium

Question 36

structure that connects the left and right cerebellar hemispheres

Answer 36

vermis

Question 37

tree-like white matter structure seen in mid-sagittal section of the cerebellum

Answer 37

arbor vitae

Question 38

part of the diencephalon that controls appetite and thirst

Answer 38

hypothalamus

Question 39

part of the diencephalon that controls the pituitary gland

Answer 39

hypothalamus

Question 40

part of the brain that makes melatonin

Answer 40

epithalamus

Question 41

part of the diencephalon that plays a role in smell

Answer 41

hypothalamus

Question 42

the structure that "connects" the right and left thalami through the third ventricle of the brain

Answer 42

intermediate mass

Question 43

the mamillary bodies are part of this major part of the diencephalon

Answer 43

hypothalamus

Question 44

part of the brain that inhibits the basal nuclei by synthesizing dopamine

Answer 44

substantia nigra

Question 45

the part of the mesencephalon that is responsible for movement of the head to sound

Answer 45

inferior colliculi

Question 46

name for the four structures called the inferior and superior colliculi

Answer 46

corpora quadrigemina

Question 47

structures located on the anterior side of the mesencephalon that contain descending motor pyramidal tracts

Answer 47

cerebral peduncles

Question 48

part of the mesencephalon that controls the movement of the head (and eyes) towards light

Answer 48

superior colliculi

Question 49

part of the brain stem where the substantia nigra is located

Answer 49

mesencephalon (midbrain)

Question 50

part of the brain stem that contains the cerebral aqueduct

Answer 50

mesencephalon (midbrain)

Question 51

structures that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem and contain tracts

Answer 51

cerebellar peduncles

Question 52

major part of the brain that contains the reticular formation

Answer 52

brain stem

Question 53

where the reticular activating center is located in the brain stem

Answer 53

mesencephalon (midbrain)

Question 54

neurotransmitters found in the reticular activating center

Answer 54

serotonin, norepinephrine

Question 55

the vital center located in the pons

Answer 55

respiratory

Question 56

location in the brain stem where the vasomotor center is found

Answer 56

medulla oblongata

Question 57

location in the brain stem where the center for sneezing is found

Answer 57

medulla oblongata

Question 58

sensory cranial nerve responsible for hearing

Answer 58

VIII, vestibulocochlear

Question 59

motor cranial nerve that supplies the lateral rectus muscle of the eye

Answer 59

VI, abducens

Question 60

cranial nerve that allows you to elevate your shoulders

Answer 60

XI, accessory

Question 61

cranial nerve that innervates the masseter muscle

Answer 61

trigeminal

Question 62

cranial nerve that supplies most of the extrinsic eye muscles

Answer 62

oculomotor

Question 63

cranial nerve that innervates the constrictor pupillae muscle

Answer 63

oculomotor

Question 64

cranial nerve that innervates the lacrimal gland

Answer 64

VII, facial

Question 65

cranial nerve that can slow down heart rate

Answer 65

X, vagus

Question 66

cranial nerve that increases the motility of the stomach

Answer 66

X, vagus

Question 67

cranial nerve carries impulses for the pain of a cold sore in your mouth

Answer 67

trigeminal

Question 68

cranial nerve that allows you to wiggle your tongue back and forth

Answer 68

XII, hypoglossal

Question 69

the superior sagittal sinus is actually this type of blood vessel

Answer 69

vein

Question 70

shape of the cells found in the precentral gyrus

Answer 70

pyramidal

Question 71

the part of the brain that initiates voluntary motor impulses

Answer 71

precentral gyrus

Question 72

these cranial nerves reach the brain through the cribriform plate

Answer 72

I, olfactory

Question 73

two major cranial nerves involved in the coordination of muscles for swallowing

Answer 73

glossopharyngeal and vagus