Chapter 17 Special Senses

Question 1

chemical component of tears that is a natural antibiotic

Answer 1

lyoszyme

Question 2

nerve that innervates the lacrimal gland

Answer 2

facial

Question 3

epithelium that makes up the conjunctiva

Answer 3

stratified squamous

Question 4

extrinsic eye muscle innervated by the trochlear nerve

Answer 4

superior oblique muscle

Question 5

extrinsic eye muscle innervated by the abducens nerve

Answer 5

lateral rectus

Question 6

cranial nerve that innervates the inferior rectus muscle

Answer 6

oculomotor

Question 7

the intrinsic eye muscle that controls the shape of the lens

Answer 7

ciliary

Question 8

the intrinsic eye muscle that changes pupil size and is innervated by the oculomotor nerve

Answer 8

constrictor pupillae

Question 9

parts of the fibrous tunic of the eye

Answer 9

cornea, sclera

Question 10

part of the vascular tunic of the eye that contains the dilator and constrictor pupillae muscles

Answer 10

iris

Question 11

part of the vascular tunic of the eye that controls the shape of the lens

Answer 11

ciliary body (muscle)

Question 12

the choroid is part of this tunic of the eye

Answer 12

vascular

Question 13

type of tissue that makes up the sclera

Answer 13

dense fibrous

Question 14

layer of the eyeball that contains melanin and blood vessels for nourishment of the retina

Answer 14

choroid

Question 15

two components of the ciliary body

Answer 15

ciliary muscle, ciliary process

Question 16

the part of the eye that makes aqueous humor

Answer 16

ciliary process

Question 17

the term that describes the ability of the lens to change its shape

Answer 17

accomodation

Question 18

what happens to the lens when the ciliary muscle relaxes

Answer 18

bulge

Question 19

two parts of the eye that have no blood vessels

Answer 19

cornea & lens

Question 20

part of the eye that contains aqueous humor

Answer 20

anterior cavity

Question 21

the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye are divisions of this major cavity in the eye

Answer 21

anterior

Question 22

part of the eye that contains vitreous humor

Answer 22

posterior cavity

Question 23

nerve that innervates the ciliary muscle

Answer 23

oculomotor nerve

Question 24

photoreceptors responsible for dim light vision

Answer 24

rods

Question 25

photoreceptors responsible for visual acuity

Answer 25

cones

Question 26

photoreceptors responsible for color

Answer 26

cones

Question 27

layer of retinal cells closest to the choroid

Answer 27

pigmented epithelium

Question 28

layer of retinal cells located closest to the vitreous humor

Answer 28

ganglion cells

Question 29

the part of the retina that contains only cones

Answer 29

fovea centralis

Question 30

part of the retina that has no rods or cones

Answer 30

optic disc (blind spot)

Question 31

aqueous humor is drained into this structure

Answer 31

canal of Schlemm

Question 32

bending of light from one medium to another

Answer 32

refraction

Question 33

the first structure of the eye that light must pass through on its way to the retina

Answer 33

cornea

Question 34

shape of the lens for far vision

Answer 34

flat

Question 35

shape of the lens for near vision

Answer 35

round

Question 36

old age vision (inability of lens to change its shape)

Answer 36

presbyopia

Question 37

condition in which the eyeball is too long

Answer 37

myopia

Question 38

an increase in aqueous humor can lead to a build up of pressure in the anterior cavity and a condition called

Answer 38

glaucoma

Question 39

near-sightedness

Answer 39

myopia

Question 40

this condition results in the picture focusing behind the retina

Answer 40

hyperopia

Question 41

irregular curvature of the cornea

Answer 41

astigmatism

Question 42

clouding of the lens

Answer 42

cataract

Question 43

the chemical responsible for changing its shape in response to light in rods and cones comes from this vitamin

Answer 43

A

Question 44

fibers that cross over in the optic chiasma come from this part of the retina

Answer 44

medial

Question 45

medial retina fibers are used for this type of vision

Answer 45

peripheral

Question 46

place in the brain where the visual cortex is found

Answer 46

occipital lobe

Question 47

unique type of tissue found in an auricle

Answer 47

elastic cartilage

Question 48

bone that houses the middle ear

Answer 48

temporal

Question 49

structure that separates the external from the middle ear

Answer 49

tympanic membrane

Question 50

bone attached to the tympanic membrane

Answer 50

malleus

Question 51

bone that vibrates against the oval window

Answer 51

stapes

Question 52

tube that connects the antrum to the nasopharynx

Answer 52

Eustachian (auditory)

Question 53

space of the middle ear that houses the three ossicles

Answer 53

antrum

Question 54

part of the middle ear responsible for equalizing air pressure on the two sides of the tympanic membrane

Answer 54

Eustachian (auditory) tube

Question 55

hearing receptors found in the cochlear duct

Answer 55

organ of Corti

Question 56

the major part of the internal ear involved in hearing

Answer 56

cochlea

Question 57

end of the fluid chamber (scala tympani) that stops the wave of fluid flowing through the cochlea

Answer 57

round window

Question 58

nerve that carries hearing impulses to the brain

Answer 58

VIII, vestibulocochlear

Question 59

type of deafness due to ossification of joints between ossicles

Answer 59

conduction

Question 60

type of deafness due to damage to the organ of Corti

Answer 60

sensorineural

Question 61

type of deafness due to damage to the temporal lobe of the brain

Answer 61

sensorineural

Question 62

hair cells in the internal ear send action potentials when the cell is deformed making these cells what types of receptors

Answer 62

mechanoreceptors

Question 63

part of the internal ear responsible for rotational movement of the head

Answer 63

semicircular canals

Question 64

part of the internal ear responsible for detecting head position

Answer 64

vestibule

Question 65

the receptor cells of the utricle and saccule are found in which part of the internal ear

Answer 65

vestibule

Question 66

olfactory nerves have to pierce this bone to reach the brain

Answer 66

ethmoid

Question 67

olfactory receptors respond to different chemicals and are classified as this basic type of receptor

Answer 67

chemoreceptors

Question 68

a special sense that adapts rapidly

Answer 68

olfaction

Question 69

nerve that carries impulses from taste buds on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Answer 69

facial

Question 70

nerve that carries impulses from taste buds at the back of the tongue

Answer 70

glossopharyngeal

Question 71

nerve that carries impulses from taste buds on the epiglottis

Answer 71

vagus