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Psych 002 > Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders (Anxiety Disorders) > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders (Anxiety Disorders) Flashcards

1
Q

What are some anxiety disorders?

A

Generalized anxiety, panic disorder, and phobias

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2
Q

What neurotransmitters are involved in anxiety disorders?

A

GABA and Serotonin

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3
Q

What does GABA do in anxiety disorders?

A

Increase sensitivity

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4
Q

What is there too low of in anxiety disorders?

A

Serotonin

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5
Q

What drugs are there for anxiety disorders?

A

Benzodiazepines that increase sensitivity to GABA receptors but are highly addictive. SSRI’s(antidepressants) work as well and are the number one choice.

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6
Q

What is Post-Traumatic Disorder(PTSD)?

A

Stress reaction from a traumatic event

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7
Q

Is PTSD heritable?

A

Yes, with heritability reaching 30%

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8
Q

What treatment is there for PTSD?

A

Exposure therapy, VR, fear erasure, D-cyclosporine combined with VR therapy that reduces PTSD by 50% after 6 months

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9
Q

What brain change are there from PTSD?

A

Hippocampus volume is reduced, decreased medial prefrontal cortex, hyperactive amygdala with anterior cingulate and insular cortex

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10
Q

What is activated in anxiety?

A

Amygdala and locus coeruleus

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11
Q

What are drugs that decrease locus coeruleus?

A

Anxiolytic

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12
Q

What does increase brain activity lead to?

A

Panic disorder

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13
Q

What circuits are involved in anxiety?

A

Ventral attention network that is responsible for paying attention to everything, salience network that is for distinguishing what is a responsible response, frontoparietal, and default mode network for monitor and planning

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14
Q

What is obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD)?

A

Obsessions like thoughts and compulsions to act on something

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15
Q

What are some brain abnormalities in OCD?

A

High activity in the orbital frontal cortex, and low activity in the basal ganglion

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16
Q

what is Acral Lick Syndrome?

A

Excessive grooming in rats due to lack of Sapap3 gene

17
Q

What is a disorder related to OCD?

A

Hoarding, the collecting and attachment to objects. Tourette’s as well where it is a motor/sound tic due to high dopamine activity in basal ganglia

18
Q

What is the heritability in anxiety disorders?

A

Ranges from 20% to 47% in twin studies

19
Q

How are anxiety disorders related to other psychiatric problems?

A

Over 90% of those with anxiety disorders have other psychiatric problems. With 50-60% of anxiety disorder patients have major depression. Where 16% of bipolar patients have panic disorder

Psych 002 (13 decks)

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