Chapter 14: Social Psychology Flashcards
(42 cards)
Social Psychologists
Study social influences that explain why the same person acts different in a certain siutation
Attribution Theory
Theory that we tend to give a casual explanation for someone’s behavior; external situation or person disposition
Fundamental Attribution Error
Overestimating the influence of personality but underestimating the influence of the situation
Attitudes
Feelings with our beliefs that predispose our reactions to objects, people, and events
Foot-in-the-door Phenomenon
Agree to a small request will most likely agree to a larger request, and later adjust beliefs to compensate change
Door-in-the-Face
Learning the best, then sees one a little less than the best, gets the lesser (Starts big and goes small, such as with a car)
Peripheral Route Persuasion
Fast results, incidental cues, sharp judgemens
Central Route Persuasion
Evidence and arguments for favorable thought (typically in naturally analytical/involved individuals)
Role and Role Playing
Adopting a social prescription that forms into our new reality- we start phony and then it becomes real
Cognitive Dissonance
We get tension when our attitudes and actions don’t match, so we adjust our attitudes to match our actions, which is easier- Leon Festinger
Stanford Prison Experiment
Philip Zimbardo- guards begin to assume guard roles and prisoners prison roles, becomes too violent
Abu Ghraib Prison Incident
Military in Afghanistan prison camps= guards treat prisoner horribly, get worse and worse, American guards were male, female, and young
Conformity
Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Chameleon Effect
Our tendency to mimic the actions/behaviors of others
Automatic Mimcry
Automatically mimicking someone’s actions without realizing it, increases with empathy, explains mood linkage
Mood linkage
Our moods go up and down with the moods of others around us
Solomon Asch’s Conformity Study
3 lines, which is the longest? 1/3 will conform to what peers say, even if they know it is wrong
Normative Social Influence
Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Informational Social Influence
Influence resulting from one’s willingness to accept others’ opinions about reality
Stanley Milligram’s Obedience Study
Pain box, Would you give shocks if told by authority figure? How high would you go?
Social Facilitation
Stronger responses on well-learned tasks in front of others (Only if easy and/or mastered, as performance will decrease should the task be difficult or not mastered)
Social Loafing
Tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
Deindividuation
Loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity (Anonymous and Aggressive= Dangerous)
Group Polarization
The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group (separation+discussion=polarization)
