Chapter 10: Intelligence Flashcards
Intelligence
Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge… to adapt
Intelligence Test
Method for assessing an individuals mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others on a numerical scale
Factor Analysis
Statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items… used to identify different dimensions of performance that underline… a score
Savant Syndrome
Condition in which a person otherwise limited in a mental ability has an exceptional specific skill
Creativity
The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas
Emotional Intelligence
Ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use given level of performanceemotions
Mental Age
Chronological age that most typically corresponds to a
Stanford-Binet
Widely used American revision (by Louis Terman at Stanford) of Binet’s original intelligence test
General Intelligence
General intelligence factor…underlies specific mental abilities and is … measured by every task on an intelligence task
Achievement Test
A test designed to assess what a person has learned
Aptitude Test
A test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance subtests
Standardization
Defined, meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group
Normal Curve
Symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes
Reliability
Extent to which a test yields consistent results… varified using two halves of a test, or retesting
Validity
Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it’s supposed to
Content Validity
Extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
Predictive Validity
Success with which a test predicts the behavior it was supposed to predict… correlation and criterion
Intelligence Quotient
Ratio of mental age to chronological age.. average is 100
Crystallized Intelligence
Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age
Fluid Intelligence
Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood
Intellectual Disability
condition of limited mental ability indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound
Down Syndrome
Condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
Stereotype Threat
Self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype
