chapter 16 Flashcards
(40 cards)
an interaction between a socially sanctioned clinician and someone suffering from a psychological problem, with the goal of providing support or relief from the problem
psychotherapy
a form of psychology that involves drawing on techniques from different forms of therapy, depending on the client and the problem
eclectic psychotherapy
therapies that explore childhood events and encourage individuals to use this understanding to develop insight into their psychological problems
psychodynamic psychotherapies
a form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships
interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)
a form of psychology that assumes that all individuals have a tendency toward growth and that this growth can be facilitated by acceptance and genuine reactions from the therapist
person/client-centered therapy
a form of psychology whose goal is helping the client become aware of their thoughts, behaviors, experiences, and feelings and to “own” or take responsibility for them
gestalt therapy
a type of therapy that assumes that disordered behavior is learned and that symptom relief is achieved through changing overt, maladaptive behaviors into more constructive behaviors
behavior therapy
a form of behavior therapy that involves giving clients “tokens” for desired behaviors that they can later trade for rewards
token economy
an approach to treatment of the client that involves confronting an emotion-arousing stimulus directly and repeatedly, ultimately leading to a decrease in the emotional response
exposure therapy
focuses on helping a client identify and correct any distorted thinking about self, others, or the world
cognitive therapy
a therapeutic approach that teaches clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative emotions and to replace negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs
cognitive restructuring
teaches an individual to be fully present in each moment; to be aware of their thoughts, feelings, and sensations; and to detect symptoms before they become a problem
mindfulness meditation
a blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
a type of therapy in which multiple participants (who often do not know each other at the outset) work on their individual problems in a group atmosphere
group therapy
medications that are used to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders
antipsychotic drugs
the study of drug effects on psychological states and symptoms
psychopharmacology
drugs that help reduce a person’s experience of fear or anxiety
antianxiety medications
a class of drugs that help lift people’s moods
antidepressants
a therapy that involves repeated exposure to bright light
phototherapy
a treatment that involves inducing a brief seizure by delivering an electrical shock to the brain
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
a treatment that involves placing a powerful pulsed magnet over a person’s scalp to alter neuronal activity in the brain
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
surgical destruction of specific brain areas
psychosurgery
an inert substance or procedure that has been applied with the expectation that it will produce a healing response
placebo
a disorder or symptom that occurs as a result of a medical or psychotherapeutic treatment itself
iatrogenic illness