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Dynamics of Health Care > chapter 20 > Flashcards

chapter 20 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who initially used computers in helathcare

A

administrators

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2
Q

What were computers initially used for in healthcare (4)

A

electronic billing statements
patient invoices
scheduling patient appointments
tracking inventory

  • all reduce amount of paperwork and timw
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3
Q

What are nonadministrative advantages of computers in healthcare (10)

A
  1. medical data storage and access
  2. clinical problem solving
  3. data reporting
  4. patient monitoring
  5. medication dispensing
  6. provider and patient communication
  7. diagnostic tests and imaging
  8. lab tests and data analysis
  9. education
  10. time management
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4
Q

What is stored in the same unit in a desktop computer

A

CPU
RAM
hard drive
CD/DVD drive

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5
Q

What is stored in the same unit in a laptop

A 
CPU
RAM 
hard drive
CD/DVD
keyboad 
touchpad 
monitor
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6
Q

What are the 7 major hardware components of a computer system

A 
CPU (central processing unit)
RAM (random access memory)
hard drive
input devices 
monitor 
printer
secondary storage systems
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7
Q

what is the CPU

A

a microprocessor

  • circuitry on a silicon chip that processes information
  • contains electronic and magnetic cells that read analyze and process data
  • instruct computer to perform operations
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8
Q

What is the RAM

A

found in form of small modules plugged into main circuit board
- stores programs and data temporarily until information is stored on permanent device

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9
Q

what happens if the data in the RAM is not saved

A

will be lost when computer is turned off

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10
Q

What is a hard drive

A

provides storage for programs, data, files

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11
Q

what is the capacity of the hard drive measured in

A

gigabytes and terabytes

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12
Q

what are 6 input devices

A 
keyboard
mouse 
pen/stylus 
touch screen
microphone
scanner and bar coder readers
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13
Q

describe a keyboard

A

ergonomically designed keyboards avoid injury to the wrists

wireless keyboards allow to use keyboard away from computer

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14
Q

what does the mouse do

A

use optilca sensors to detect the motion of the ball on its underside

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15
Q

what is a pen or stylus

A

device that makes selections on screens or write directly onto a tablet PC

handwriting can be converted to typed text

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16
Q

what is a touch screen

A

a device allowing users to touch an ara ofthe ocmputer with their finger

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17
Q

what is a microphone paired with? why

A

speech recognition software

- allows HC workers to input information by speaking

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18
Q

what is a scanner or barcode reader

A

used to read the linear barcode of FDA approved drugs and products

  • allows test results to be added to a patients file
  • uses bluetooth
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19
Q

what is a monitor

A

television like device that displays text and images

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20
Q

what are the most popular monitors, why

A

flat-panel liquid crystal display (LCD)

provide protection from unauthorized viewings due to limited viewing angles

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21
Q

what is a printer used for

A 
general invoices and bills
correspondence
schedules
lab orders and results
forms 
prescriptions
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22
Q

what are 4 secondary storage systems

A

compact disk or digital video disk (CD or DVD)
memory stick
flash drive
external hard drive

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23
Q

what do secondary storage systems allow for

A

expanded storage for a large number of medical records

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24
Q

what is a CD or DVD used for

A

the disk is inserted into a disk drive that reads the information

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25
what is a memory stick
removable memory card that transfers information
26
what is a flash drive
portable storage device that plugs into the USB or universal series bus, allowing to carry data form one computer to another
27
what is an external hard drive
portable storage device that creates a file backup from the computer's hard drive - the data can then be retrieved incase the original hard drive is damaged
28
what two devices do hc workers primarily use
handheld devices | personal digital assistants (PDAs)
29
what softwares do PDAs have (4)
address book calender email word processing
30
how do healthcare providers send information between a PDA and desktop (3)
internet direct connection bluetooth
31
what 7 tasks can PDA software be used for
1. access patient charts 2. use pharmacy and formulary dosing tools 3. access micromedex 4. download and view health journals 5. view procedures you do not perform regularly 6. set up virtual office 7. view financial information
32
what is electronic mail or email used for in healthcare (4)
enhanced communication promoted teamwork eliminate the phone tag provide written documentation of messages
33
what four rules should you follow when emailing at work
use office emails for work-related messages chain letters and inappropriate emails should not be forwarded email messages should be professional email's encryption features should remain active
34
what is word processing
electronic creation and editing of documents on a computer
35
what is extremely important in word processing
proper spelling | proper use of terminology and abbreviations
36
what is recommended when word processing
added a medical dictionary | verifying spell checks spelling
37
how can you ensure that research is legimiate
use websites from trusted sources e.g. NIH website use proper browsers - PubMed - OmniMedicalSearch
38
why are keywords important in researching
limits number of responses or hits
39
how do you use key words
put key words in quotation marks
40
how can healthcare professionals avoid invasion of patients privacy with computers (6)
- do not give passwords or access codes to anyone - do not leave computer terminal unattended - never create change or delete records unless you have authority to - regularly back up files containing records - internet access at office is only used for work related tasks - test results should only be accessed for YOUR patient
41
what has the increased use of computerized patient information systems resulted in
more policies and procedures to ensure patient privacy and confidentiality
42
what do privacy policies specify
what type of patient information can be retrieved who can retrieve patient info. why is someone retrieving patient info
43
What do computers improve in patient care
quality safety efficiency cost effectiveness
44
what is medical informatics
integrates information technology and healthcare to optimize the process used to obtain store and use health care information for patient care
45
what do computer distributed healthcare systems allow for
share information and evaluate individual patients progress and progress of patients with similar diagnoses
46
what does the EMR contain (9)
``` patient identification data clinic and inpatient notes preventive care delivery lab. data radiology data pharmacy data surgical procedures performed emergency department visits billing information ```
47
what is a CDSS
clnical decision support system | - an expert system
48
what is an expert system
customized program assisting HC professionals in making diagnosis and treatment determinations
49
what are teh benefits of aCDSS
administartive clnical cost control decision support
50
give specific examples of CDSS benefits (11)
1. promote use of best practice 2. preventive care 3. diagnosis + treatment plan 4. condition specific guidelines 5. monitoring medication orders 6. procedure authorization 7. avoiding unnecessary tests 8. ensuring patients stay on therapy protocol 9. referrals and referral follow up 10. coding and documentation 11. population based management
51
what are CDSSs used with
CPOE | computerized physician/provider order entry system
52
why are CPOEs used
allows licensed health care professionals to enter medical orders - reducing error
53
why are health care reporting systems important
data collected can be shared with governmental agencies for regulatory compliance purposes, and with other providers
54
what are 7 roles of health care reporting systems
diagnosing treating stopping spread of disease (outbreak) capture and track - medication error - patient accident or falls - patient identification - post surgical infection
55
what is a patient monitoring system used for
to keep a constant watch over a patient's physical status and vital signs - all patient monitors are linked to a central location
56
what is a computer controlled medication dispensing system
give patients predetermined amounts of medication at proper intervals
57
what is patient home health monitoring
also called telemonitoring collects data on a patients health from homes - are programmed to ask patients brief questions about health status - can display medication reminders - wireless devices intake vital signs
58
why is telemonitoring useful
for monitoring disabled or older patients who cannot manage their own conditions
59
what is electroconvulsion therapy (ECT)
electronic signals are sent through a portion of the brain to control depression and seizures
60
what is a CT
x-ray tech. produces images of a patinet's body
61
how are computers used in lab tests and data analysis
results of tests (CBC) are determined through computer analysis of a patients blood sample
62
what do improvements in oninvasie and robotic surgical skill lead to
more widespread use of technologies reduced recovery time lower infection rates
63
what is an ESWL
non-invasive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy - uses shock wavs to shatter kidney stones into small pieces so they can travel through the urinary tract more easily
64
what treats prostate cancer, what are benefits
robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy - reduced blood loss - less pain - shorter hospital stays
65
what is telemedicine
branch of medicine that involves transfer of medical information through interactive visual media - remote medical exams or procedures
66
what does telesurgery combine
multimedia telecommunications robotic technologies
67
what is good about telesurgery
less experienced surgeons in remote areas of the world can receive training in advanced surgical techniques from experts
68
what is scientific progress in genetic testing and mapping
allowing doctors to develop computer chips that allow for individualized treatment to unique genetic makeup
69
what are researchers in rehabilitation doing
developing interface between brain and machine - allows brain to control prosthetic limbs - the robotic hands can decode and interpret brain signals
70
what is a disadvantage of new technologies in helathcare
outsourcing of healthcare - meaning that jobs that can be done remotely are being sent overseas - results in lack of jobs in the US
71
what is a necessity for health care professionals with technological advances
continuing education
72
name 4 methods of self directed study
tutorials on software applications users manual (may be online) help screens professional journals
73
why are in service educational opportunities good
provide training to employee DURING work hours | - free

Dynamics of Health Care (21 decks)

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