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Dynamics of Health Care > chapter 8 > Flashcards

chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a bronchoscopy

A

medical procedure in which a bronchoscope is inserted through the nose or mouth, and through the throat to observe the lungs

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2
Q

what is chest physiotherapy

A

refers to several physical techniques utilized to improve lung function and respiratory muscles by draining lung secretions

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3
Q

what is holistic

A

treatment of the mind and body, comprising physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects

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4
Q

what is modality

A

a therapeutic agent utilized to treat a disorder, such as surgery or ultrasound

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5
Q

what is polysomnography

A

a sleep study or test that records brain waves, oxygen levels, heart rate, and breathing to study and diagnose sleep disorders

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6
Q

what is respiratory therapy

A

examine and treat individuals with breathing and cardiopulmonary disorders, for example, emphysema and asthma

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7
Q

what is spirometry

A

a medical procedure in which the patient breathes into a small machine (spirometer) to enable the doctor to assess the quantity of air inhaled, the quantity of air exhaled, and lung function

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8
Q

what does a PT do

A

assist those who have been injured or in pain from a disabling condition to recover and improve in activities of the daily living

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9
Q

who does a PT treat

A 
low-back pain
arthritis 
cerebral palsy 
broken bones 
torn rotator cuff
spinal cord injuries
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10
Q

when did PT begin

A

began during World War 1 for rehabilitation of wounded U.S soldiers

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11
Q

what happens in 1917 for PT

A

surgeon general army established the reconstruction aids

- aides continued to work with veterans in the civilian sector or hospitals

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12
Q

what happened in 1921 for PT

A

reconstruction aids formed the American Women’s Physical Therapeutic Association or the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA)

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13
Q

what happened in 1940-1950-1960s for PT

A

demand for therapists increased to meet needs of servicemen and polio victims

  • war resulted in physical therapist programs that people entered profession through federally-funded programs
  • polio epidemics resulted in the national foundation for infantile paralysis- March of Dimes

in the 1960’s → polio disappeared after development of the Salk and Sabin vaccines

  • physical therapy shifted to treatment of other conditions
  • 1968 → congress authorized outpatient physical therapy services for medicare program which boosted physical therapy demand
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14
Q

describe the history of PT state licensing

A

state licensing began in 1910

  • intensified during the 1950s
  • end of decade → 45 states enacted license
  • 1954 → APTA worked with the Professional Examination Service and developed a competency exam
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15
Q

describe the education requirements for a PT

A

master’s degree from physical therapy program but is moving towards a doctoral degree

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16
Q

who accredits PT programs? How long do they take

A

Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy (CAPTE)

  • masters = 2-2.5 yr
  • doctoral = 3 yr
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17
Q

Describe licensure for PT

A

need to pass NPTE or National Physical Therapy Examination

administered by
Federation of State boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT)

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18
Q

describe certification for PT

A

by American Board of Physical therapy Specialists (ABPTS)

in

  • cardiovascular and clinical electrophysiology
  • geriatrics
  • neurology
  • orthopedics
  • pediatrics
  • sports
  • women’s health

need 2000 hours of direct patient care

  • 25% in past 3 years
  • re certification needs 2000 per year
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19
Q

What are the work responsibilities of PT

A 
review medical history
physical tests to evaluate ability and condition
development treatment plans 
manual therapy 
monitor progress
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20
Q

why is the PT occupation growing? (5)

A
  • ease of service restrictions by insurers
  • rising population of older adults
  • need of trauma victims and infants with birth defects
  • treatment of untreatable conditions
  • the Individuals with disabilities Education Act
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21
Q

Who is the professional organization of physical therapy

A

APTA - American Physical Therapy Association

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22
Q

Briefly describe a physical therapy assistant

A

carries out treatment plan

work under physical therapist

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23
Q

why did PTA develop

A

expansion of physical therapy profession after WW2

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24
Q

what happened in 1950s? Why

regarding PTA

A

PTAs were officially trained

- as 1/3 of PTs spend time on tasks that PTAs could do

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25
What was approved in 1967 regarding PTA
APTA formed a committee to develop a policy for PTAs - CAPTE set program accreditation standards
26
When did PTA programs grow
1970 to 1990
27
what is the education requirement for PTA
associates degree from CAPTE accredited
28
How many hours of clinical experience do PTAs need for education
520 to 720
29
describe licensure, registration, or certification for PTA
most states require one of the three - pass NPTE exam - may pass state exam - licensure through FSBPT
30
what are work responsibilities of PTA
``` carry out treatment plans assist patients massage tissue, use intervention, administer therapy measure height, weight, length, girth conduct gait and static training ```
31
Why is PTA growing
due to work in new facilities and outpatient care centers
32
What is the PTAs professional organization
the APTA the National Assembly = own representative organization
33
What is an occupational therapist
regain, develop, and master everyday skills to function better
34
Who are an occupational therapists patients
``` injured ill stroke patients depressed alzheimer's disabilities (cerebral palsy) ```
35
Why were OTs formed
based on the idea that purposeful activity will improve physical and mental health
36
what is the foundation of OT
moral health | - a term that refers to mental illness in the 18th and 19th centuries
37
Who is George Edward Barton
disabled architect who opened up schools and workshops | - helped patients recover from injury and illness
38
What did Barton do in 1917
invited 5 people to form the 'National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy' - turned into the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA)
39
what did Barton define occupations to include (4)
crafts vocational work healthful habit graded physical exercise
40
what can OTs specialize in
``` physical rehabilitation mental health pediatric practice gerontology mobility environmental modification feeding, eating, swallowing low vision ```
41
What happened in 1973 (OT)
Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Independent Living Movement - allowed those with disabilities to move more readily into the real word
42
what happened in 2002 (OT)
AOTA adopted a practice framework putting occupation at core of practice
43
What was the AOTAs first action
U.S military hires 5000 construction aids for soldiers - due to organized medicine and benefits of occupational therapy for patients - 1935 = AMA accredits OT programs
44
What is the education requirement for OT
minimum of master's degree | - may get doctoral degree
45
Who accredits OT programs
Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE)
46
Describe licensure and certification of OT
licensure is necessary - renew every 3 years - need 36 PDUs (professional dev. unit) certification by NBCOT or National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy - becomes OTR (Occupational Therapist Registered) - renewed every 5 years
47
What are work responsibilities of OTs
``` screen individuals to determine need of therapy gather and analyze patient data administer tests develop intervention plan design, build, modify equipment evaluate workspace document progress write progress notes ```
48
why are OTs growing (2)
elderly population | medical advances enabling patients with critical problems to survive
49
what are the professional organizations of occupational therapists
AOTA The American Occupational Therapy Foundation - operates Pi Theta Epsilon (nhs for occupational therapy students)
50
what is an OTA
work under direction of OT | work directly with clients to carry out intervention plans
51
Describe the history of OTA
1950s = shortage of occupational therapists after WW2 | 1958 = AOTA established OTA programs approximately 3 months long
52
what is the education of OTA
two years associates degree
53
describe certification of OTA
- optional cert. by passing NBCOT exam (National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy) - earn COTA (certified occupational therapy assistant) - reviewed every 5 years with - 20,000 hours of experience - 600 hours of providing services to clients
54
describe licensure of OTA
renewed every 3 years | - need 36 PDUs
55
What are the work responsibilities of OTA
execute intervention plan screen for visual perception and touch awareness write progress notes and final summary
56
why are OTAs growing (2)
OTs need assistance | growing school age population and funding for education with those with disabilities
57
who is the professional organization of OTA
AOTA | american occupational therapy association
58
what is a respiratory therapist
treatment of patients with breathing and cardiopulmonary disorder
59
describe the 20th century (respiratory therapist)
- use oxygen to treat patients with cardiopulmonary disorders
60
what happened after ww2 for respiratory therapist
oxygen therapy becomes complex | - oxygen orderlies deliver oxygen therapy
61
what was the first respiratory therapy organizaiton
Inhalation Therapy Association | - renamed American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC)
62
what happened in 1954 for respiratory therapists
New York State Society of Anesthesiologists and Medical Society of the State of New York formed a joint committee - set guidelines for inhalation therapy schools
63
describe the education of a respiratory therapist
associate's degree | - masters and bachelor's are recommended
64
Who accredits respiratory therapy programs
CoARC | Commission on Accreditation for respiratory Care
65
what special skill do respiratory therapists have
polysomnography | - sleep disorders
66
describe licensure for respiratory therapist
renewed 1-3 years requires continuing education licensing after certification from 'National Board of Respiratory Care (NBRC)'
67
what are the four respiratory therapist credentials | describe renewal
certified respiratory therapist (CRT) - take exam within 30 days of graduation - certificate of completion registered respiratory therapist (RRT) - graduate form accredited advanced program - certification of completion - required for supervisory positions neonatal/pediatric specialist (CRT-NPS or RRT-NPS) - accredited program with sleep track - practicing with 6 month CRT or 3 month RRT must be renewed every 5 years - complete 30 hours of CE - pass exam
68
What are the work responsibilities of respiratory therapists
provide respiratory care for patients with lung and heart disorders perform diagnostic tests and manage respiratory care administer oxygen and aerosol medications chest physiotherapy check lung sounds analyze oxygenation level of arterial blood and monitor arterial blood gas
69
what can respiratory therapists specialize in (7)
``` continuing and long-term care critical care diagnostics disease management home care pediatrics pulmonary rehabilitation ```
70
why are RT growing (3)
elderly population advance in inhalable medications treatment for new populations
71
What is the professional organization for RTs
American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC)
72
What is a massage therapist
uses manipulation of muscles and soft tissues to maintain and improve health
73
what are 3 statistics of massages
1 in 5 adults have 1 massage per year (at least) 1 in 4 individuals use massage for pain relief 69% of massage therapists receive referrals
74
why and where was massage therapy used
to heal and maintain and improve health china, india, egypt
75
How did the Greeks use massage
athletes receive massages before and after competition | - bathing process
76
How did the Romans use massag
to treat sprains and dislocations- | - bathing process
77
Describe massage in the United States
gained population in the 1800s - Dr.George H. Taylor incorporated it into natural approach to HC - promoted swedish massage developed by Per Henrik Ling
78
What did Per Henrik Ling do
develop a system of exercise that included massage to promote health and treat joint/muscle problems
79
describe massage in the 19th and 20th centuries
19th = John Harvey Kellogg started health food movement 20th = massage declined due to scientific and tech. advances - but 1927 = first professional organization for massage was founded
80
What happened in 1960s and 1970s for massage
regained popularity among athletes and members of counterculture movement - for holistic method
81
where does massage come from (2)
indian ayurvedic massage | swedish masage
82
where are massage therapists profiled
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine of the National Institute of Health
83
What are the education requirements for massage therapist
formal training program with hands on practice and particular modalities national certification exam + state exam ceritifcation exam NCBTMB or National Certification Board for Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork - renewed every 4 years - 200 horus of work and 48 CE
84
Who accredits massage therapists
Commission on Massage Therapy Accreditation (COMTA) | - 500+ hour programs
85
what states do not regulate massage therapy
idaho | wyoming
86
who offers massage therapy licensure
Federation of State Massage Therapy Boards (FSMTB)
87
What are work responsibilities of massage therapist
press, rub, and manipulate tissues and muscles use strokes of different directions, lengths, rates, rhythms, and pressure draw deep on modalities begin with interview and client history
88
Why are massage therapists growing (5)
more people learning about massage benefits formation of more spas and franchises companies adopted seated massage elderly people increased demand for massage among younger adults
89
Who are the professional organizations for massage thearpy
AMTA or American Massage Therapy Association ABMP or Associated Bodyworks and Massage Professionals

Dynamics of Health Care (21 decks)

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