Chapter 4 Part 2

Question 1

What are the four main classes of connective tissue?

Answer 1

Connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone tissue, blood

Question 2

What are four functions of connective tissues

Answer 2

Forms basis of skelton, stores and carry nutrients, surround blood vessels and nerves, lead fight against infection

Question 3

What is extracellular matrix composed of?

Answer 3

Ground substance and fibers

Question 4

Fibroblasts

Answer 4

In connective tissue proper, make protein subunits, produce fibers

Question 5

Chondroblasts

Answer 5

Secrete matrix in cartilage

Question 6

Osteoblasts

Answer 6

Secrete matrix in bone

Question 7

Blast vs cyte

Answer 7

Blast: Immature cell that secretes matrix
Cyte: Cell that maintains matrix

Question 8

What does areolar connective tissue contain?

Answer 8

Fat cells, white blood cells, macrophages, and mast cells

Question 9

What are three types of fibers?

Answer 9

Collagen, reticular, elastic

Question 10

Function of Collagen fibers

Answer 10

Strongest, resist tension

Question 11

Function of reticular fibers

Answer 11

Bundles of special type of collagen, form network especially along CT edge

Question 12

Function of elastic fibers

Answer 12

Contain elastin that recoils after stretching

Question 13

How is ground substance produced?

Answer 13

By the primary cell type of the tissue

Question 14

Function of ground substance

Answer 14

Cushions and protects body structures, holds tissue fluid

Question 15

4 connective tissue classes

Answer 15

Connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone tissue, blood

Question 16

Subclasses of connective tissue proper

Answer 16

Loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue

Question 17

Areolar connective tissue

Answer 17

Most common type, surrounds small nerves and blood vessels and borders all other tissues in the body, has good blood supply

Question 18

Function of connective tissues

Answer 18

Support and binding of other tissues, holding body fluids, defending body against infection, storing nutrients as fat

Question 19

Function of areolar connective tissue

Answer 19

Wraps and cushions organs, holds and conveys tissue fluid, important role in inflammation

Question 20

Where is areolar connective tissue found?

Answer 20

Under epithelia, packages organs, surrounds capillaries

Question 21

Function of adipose connective tissue

Answer 21

Reserve food fuel, insulates against heat loss, supports and protects organs, vascularized

Question 22

Location of adipose connective tissue

Answer 22

Under skin in hypodermic, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen, in breasts

Question 23

Function of reticular connective tissue

Answer 23

Fibers form a soft internal skeleton that supports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages

Question 24

Location of reticular connective tissue

Answer 24

Lymphoid organs; lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen

Question 25

3 types of loose connective tissue

Answer 25

Reticular, adipose, areolar

Question 26

3 types of dense connective tissue

Answer 26

Dense regular, dense irregular, elastic

Question 27

Function of dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 27

Able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength

Question 28

Location of dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 28

Fibrous capsules of organs and of joints; dermis of skin, submucosa of digestive tract

Question 29

Describe dense regular connective tissue

Answer 29

Collagen fibers are parallel with the pull, fibroblasts, poorly vascularized, forms fascia, no fat or defense cells

Question 30

Function of dense regular connective tissue

Answer 30

Attaches muscle to bone and bone to bone, withstands great stress in one direction

Question 31

Location of dense regular connective tissue

Answer 31

Tendons and ligaments, aponeuroses, fascia around muscles

Question 32

Function of elastic connective tissue

Answer 32

Allows recoils of tissue following stretching, maintains pulsatile flow of blood, aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration

Question 33

Location of elastic connective tissue

Answer 33

Walls of large arteries, in certain ligaments of vertebral column, within walls of bronchial tubes

Question 34

Name 3 types of cartilage

Answer 34

Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

Question 35

Function of hyaline cartilage

Answer 35

Supports and reinforces, serves and resilient cushion, resists compressive stress

Question 36

Location of hyaline cartilage

Answer 36

Forms most of the embryonic skeleton, covers ends of long bones in joint cavities, forms costal cartilages of ribs, cartilages of nose, trachea and larynx

Question 37

Function of elastic cartilage

Answer 37

Maintains shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility

Question 38

Location of elastic cartilage

Answer 38

Supports external ear, epiglottis

Question 39

Function of fibrocartilage

Answer 39

Tensile strength with ability to absorb compressive shock

Question 40

Location of fibrocartilage

Answer 40

Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, discs of knee joint

Question 41

What does bone matrix contain?

Answer 41

inorganic calcium salts and abundance of collagen fibers

Question 42

T/F Bone tissue is not well vascularized

Answer 42

False

Question 43

Function of bone tissue

Answer 43

Protects and supports organs, provides levers and attachment site for muscles, stores calcium and other minerals, stores fat, marrow is site for blood cell formation

Question 44

What does blood tissue develop from?

Answer 44

Mesenchyme

Question 45

What does an atypical connective tissue mean?

Answer 45

The matrix is not produced by cells

Question 46

Example of atypical connective tissue

Answer 46

Blood tissue

Question 47

Function of blood tissue

Answer 47

Transport respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances