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Anatomy > Chapter 4 Part 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 types of membranes

A

Cutaneous, mucous, serous

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2
Q

Describe Cutaneous membranes

A

In epidermis (Stratified squamous and keratinized), in dermis (Areolar and dense irregular)

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3
Q

Describe mucous membranes

A

Made of epithelial sheet with layer of areolar connective tissue

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4
Q

Where are mucous membranes found?

A

Lining hollow organs that open to the body surface

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5
Q

Describe Serous membranes

A

Simple squamous epithelium (Mesothelium) lying on areolar connective tissue, produces serous fluid

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6
Q

Where are serous membranes found?

A

Lining closed cavities; pleural, peritoneal, pericardial

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7
Q

Example of cutaneous membrane

A

The skin

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8
Q

Examples of mucous membrane

A

Mucosa of nasal cavity, of most, esophagus lining, mucosa of lung bronchi

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9
Q

Examples of serous membrane

A

Parietal pleura, visceral pleura, parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, parietal peritoneum, visceral peritoneum

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10
Q

What do myofilaments contain?

A

Mysoin and actin

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11
Q

What do myofilaments do?

A

Help generate force when muscles are shorten or contract

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12
Q

Describe why muscles are a composite tissue

A

Contains areolar connective tissue and muscle tissue

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13
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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14
Q

Function of skeletal muscle

A

Voluntary muscle, locomotion, manipulation of environment, facial expression

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15
Q

Location of skeletal muscle

A

Attached to bones or occasionally to skin

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16
Q

Function of cardiac muscle

A

As it contracts, it propels blood into circulation, involuntary control

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17
Q

Location of cardiac muscle

A

Walls of the heart

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18
Q

What distinguishes cardiac muscle from other types?

A

Intercalated discs

19
Q

Function of smooth muscle

A

Propels substances or objects along internal passageways, involuntary control

20
Q

Locations of smooth muscle

A

Mostly in walls of hollow organs

21
Q

What types of cells does nervous tissue contain?

A

Neurons and neuroglia

22
Q

Describe neurons

A

Generate and conduct nerve impulses; don’t divide past certain age

23
Q

Describe neuroglia

A

Supporting cells that nourish, insulate and protect neuron, no action potentials

24
Q

Function of nervous tissue

A

Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors

25
Q

Location of nervous tissue

A

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

26
Q

Function of dendrites

A

Deliver to the neuron

27
Q

Function of axons

A

Deliver info away from the neuron

28
Q

Describe an inflammatory response

A

Nonspecific, local response that develops quickly and limits damage to the injury site

29
Q

Describe an immune response

A

Takes longer to develop and is very specific, destroys particular organisms at the site of infection

30
Q

Response of inflammation

A

Heat, redness, swelling, pain, chemicals signal blood vessels to dialte

31
Q

Function of histamine

A

Increases permeability of capillaries

32
Q

Define edema

A

Accumulation of fluid

33
Q

Functions of edema

A

Helps dilute toxins from bacteria, brings O2 and nutrients from blood, brings antibodies from blood to fight infection

34
Q

3 Parts of repair

A

Regeneration, fibrosis, organization

35
Q

Describe regeneration

A

Replacement of destroyed tissue with the same type of tissue

36
Q

Describe fibrosis

A

Proliferation of scar tissue; usually when damage is severe

37
Q

Describe Organization of repair

A

Clot is replaced by granulation tissue

38
Q

Describe tissue repair of a skin wound

A
  1. Inflammation sets the stage (Clotting)
  2. Organization restores blood supply, alert immune system, fill with granulation tissue
  3. Regeneration and fibrosis effect permanent repair
39
Q

Describe location of endoderm

A

Inner lining of digestive and respiratory organs (Tube within a tube)

40
Q

Describe mesoderm

A

Muscle and connective tissue

41
Q

Describe ectoderm

A

Nervous tissue

42
Q

What does not regenerate well?

A

Skeletal muscle tissue and cartilage (weak blood supply)

43
Q

What does not regenerate at all?

A

Cardiac muscle tissue and nervous tissue

44
Q

What happens to tissues as you age?

A

Epithelia thins, collagen decreases, bones, muscles, nervous tissue atrophy, poor nutrition and circulation lead to poor tissue health

Anatomy (8 decks)

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