Chapter 4 Part 3

Question 1

Name 3 types of membranes

Answer 1

Cutaneous, mucous, serous

Question 2

Describe Cutaneous membranes

Answer 2

In epidermis (Stratified squamous and keratinized), in dermis (Areolar and dense irregular)

Question 3

Describe mucous membranes

Answer 3

Made of epithelial sheet with layer of areolar connective tissue

Question 4

Where are mucous membranes found?

Answer 4

Lining hollow organs that open to the body surface

Question 5

Describe Serous membranes

Answer 5

Simple squamous epithelium (Mesothelium) lying on areolar connective tissue, produces serous fluid

Question 6

Where are serous membranes found?

Answer 6

Lining closed cavities; pleural, peritoneal, pericardial

Question 7

Example of cutaneous membrane

Answer 7

The skin

Question 8

Examples of mucous membrane

Answer 8

Mucosa of nasal cavity, of most, esophagus lining, mucosa of lung bronchi

Question 9

Examples of serous membrane

Answer 9

Parietal pleura, visceral pleura, parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, parietal peritoneum, visceral peritoneum

Question 10

What do myofilaments contain?

Answer 10

Mysoin and actin

Question 11

What do myofilaments do?

Answer 11

Help generate force when muscles are shorten or contract

Question 12

Describe why muscles are a composite tissue

Answer 12

Contains areolar connective tissue and muscle tissue

Question 13

3 types of muscle tissue

Answer 13

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 14

Function of skeletal muscle

Answer 14

Voluntary muscle, locomotion, manipulation of environment, facial expression

Question 15

Location of skeletal muscle

Answer 15

Attached to bones or occasionally to skin

Question 16

Function of cardiac muscle

Answer 16

As it contracts, it propels blood into circulation, involuntary control

Question 17

Location of cardiac muscle

Answer 17

Walls of the heart

Question 18

What distinguishes cardiac muscle from other types?

Answer 18

Intercalated discs

Question 19

Function of smooth muscle

Answer 19

Propels substances or objects along internal passageways, involuntary control

Question 20

Locations of smooth muscle

Answer 20

Mostly in walls of hollow organs

Question 21

What types of cells does nervous tissue contain?

Answer 21

Neurons and neuroglia

Question 22

Describe neurons

Answer 22

Generate and conduct nerve impulses; don’t divide past certain age

Question 23

Describe neuroglia

Answer 23

Supporting cells that nourish, insulate and protect neuron, no action potentials

Question 24

Function of nervous tissue

Answer 24

Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors

Question 25

Location of nervous tissue

Answer 25

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Question 26

Function of dendrites

Answer 26

Deliver to the neuron

Question 27

Function of axons

Answer 27

Deliver info away from the neuron

Question 28

Describe an inflammatory response

Answer 28

Nonspecific, local response that develops quickly and limits damage to the injury site

Question 29

Describe an immune response

Answer 29

Takes longer to develop and is very specific, destroys particular organisms at the site of infection

Question 30

Response of inflammation

Answer 30

Heat, redness, swelling, pain, chemicals signal blood vessels to dialte

Question 31

Function of histamine

Answer 31

Increases permeability of capillaries

Question 32

Define edema

Answer 32

Accumulation of fluid

Question 33

Functions of edema

Answer 33

Helps dilute toxins from bacteria, brings O2 and nutrients from blood, brings antibodies from blood to fight infection

Question 34

3 Parts of repair

Answer 34

Regeneration, fibrosis, organization

Question 35

Describe regeneration

Answer 35

Replacement of destroyed tissue with the same type of tissue

Question 36

Describe fibrosis

Answer 36

Proliferation of scar tissue; usually when damage is severe

Question 37

Describe Organization of repair

Answer 37

Clot is replaced by granulation tissue

Question 38

Describe tissue repair of a skin wound

Answer 38

1. Inflammation sets the stage (Clotting) 2. Organization restores blood supply, alert immune system, fill with granulation tissue 3. Regeneration and fibrosis effect permanent repair

Question 39

Describe location of endoderm

Answer 39

Inner lining of digestive and respiratory organs (Tube within a tube)

Question 40

Describe mesoderm

Answer 40

Muscle and connective tissue

Question 41

Describe ectoderm

Answer 41

Nervous tissue

Question 42

What does not regenerate well?

Answer 42

Skeletal muscle tissue and cartilage (weak blood supply)

Question 43

What does not regenerate at all?

Answer 43

Cardiac muscle tissue and nervous tissue

Question 44

What happens to tissues as you age?

Answer 44

Epithelia thins, collagen decreases, bones, muscles, nervous tissue atrophy, poor nutrition and circulation lead to poor tissue health