Chapter 4 Vocab 2nd Half

Question 0

The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

Answer 0

Imprinting

Question 1

An optimal period shortly after birth when an organisms exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development

Answer 1

Critical period

Question 2

According to Erik Erikson a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers

Answer 2

Basic trust

Question 3

A sense of ones identity and personal worth

Answer 3

Self concept

Question 4

The transition period from childhood to adulthood extending from puberty to independence

Answer 4

Adolescence

Question 5

The period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing

Answer 5

Puberty

Question 6

The body structures (ovaries testes and external, genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible

Answer 6

Primary sex traits

Question 7

Nonreproductive sexual characteristics such as female breasts and hips male voice quality and body hair

Answer 7

Secondary sex traits

Question 8

Described the development of moral reasoning

Answer 8

Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 9

Before age 9 most children have a preconventional morality of self interest they obey either to avoid punishment or to gain concrete rewards

Answer 9

Preconventional morality

Question 10

By early adolescence morality usually evolves to a more conventional level that cares for others and upholds laws and social rules simply because they are the laws and rules

Answer 10

Conventional morality

Question 11

Some of those who develop the abstract reasoning of formal operational thought may come to a 3rd level

Answer 11

Postconventional morality

Question 12

The first menstrual cycle

Answer 12

Menarche

Question 13

Theories that contended that each stage of life has its own psychosocial task a crisis that needs resolution

Answer 13

Erik Erikson

Question 14

Ones sense of self according to Erikson the adolescents task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles

Answer 14

Identity

Question 15

In Eriksons theory the ability to form close loving relationships a primary development task in late adolescence and early childhood

Answer 15

Intimacy

Question 16

The time of natural cessation of menstruation also refers to the biological changes of woman experience as her ability to reproduce declines

Answer 16

Menopause

Question 17

A progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory reasoning language and finally functioning

Answer 17

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 18

Impose rules and expect obedience

Answer 18

Authoritarian parents

Question 19

Submit to their children’s desires make few demands and use little punishment

Answer 19

Permissive parenting

Question 20

Are demanding and responsive they exert control not only by setting rules and enforcing them but also by explaining the reason

Answer 20

Authoritative parents

Question 21

A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

Answer 21

Cross sectional study

Question 22

Research in which the same people are testified and retested over a long period

Answer 22

Longitudinal study

Question 23

Ones accumulated knowledge and verbal skills tends to increase with age

Answer 23

Crystallized intelligence

Question 24

One ability to reason speedily and abstractly tends to decrease during late adulthood

Answer 24

Fluid intelligence

Question 25

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage parenthood and retirement

Answer 25

Social clock