Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbiology > Chapter 46-50 Fungi 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 46-50 Fungi 1 Flashcards

(51 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

describe fungi

A
  • eukaryotes
  • spore forming
  • no chlorophyll
  • most are aerobic - some facultative and strict anaerobes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what do fungi cell walls contain

A

chitin and polysaccharide containing NAG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the two growth forms

A
  • filamentous
  • unicellular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe the filamentous growth form

A
  • threadlike filaments = hyphae
  • mycelium = mass of hyphae
  • septate vs coenocytic hyphae
  • grow by extension of tip and branching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe unicellular growth

A

-single cells ( ovoid or spherical)
- reproduce asexually by cell division
- sexually by cell fusion and spore formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

some yeast form fungi perform_______

A

asexual cell division by budding, other by transverse division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe asexual reproduction

A
  • cell division budding
  • transverse division
  • spore formation
  • involves production of sexual spores by meiosis of a diploid cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is an anamorph

A

form producing asexual spores
- often mold like growth form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a teleomorph

A

form producing sexual spores
- typically a fruiting body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is dimorphism

A

ability to grow as yeast form or mold form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

many pathogenic fungi are _____

A

dimorphic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

yeast form is more typical at ____; except

A

human body temperature; candida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

both candida forms exist ____and ____

A

inside and outside the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

candida actually forms _____ and ____

A

psuedohyphae and pseudomycelia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is pseudohyphae

A

hyphal growth is a modified budding where newly budded cells remain attached to mother cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what pathogenic fungi are not dimorphic

A

aspergillus - mold form only
cryptococcus neoformans- yeast form only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are mycoses

A

fungal infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the primary mechanisms for fighting fungi

A

-neutrophil phagocytosis and killing
- T cell mediated immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the types of mycoses

A
  • superficial
  • cutaneous
  • subcutaneous
  • systemic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

describe superficial mycoses

A
  • keratinized outer layers of skin, hair, and nails
  • mild infections/minimal inflammatory response
  • easy to treat or clears without treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are piedras and what microbe is responsible

Study These Flashcards
A

infections of hair shaft
- trichosporon beigelii

22
Q

what are tineas and what microbe is responsible

Study These Flashcards
A
  • infections involving outer layers of skin, nails and hair
  • malassezia furfur
23
Q

where do superficial mycoses occur mostly

24
Q

how is M furfur transmitted

Study These Flashcards
A

human to human

25
what do superficial mycoses look like
pigmented macules- not elevated but altered color
26
what are cutaneous mycoses
- keratinized outer layers of skin, hair, and nails - skin infection: no invasion beyond stratum corneum
27
what are dermaphytes
- microsporum - trichophyton - epidermophyton - keratinophilic and keratinolytic
28
what do cutaneous mycoses cause
tineas - ringworm - tinea pedis: athletes foot - tinea cruris: jock itch
29
what is tineas caused by
inflammation ring of inflammatory scaling
30
how are cutaneous mycoses transmitted
person to person - some are soil organisms - others are zoonoses
31
what are subcutaneous mycoses
- dermis and subcutaneous tissue - do not respond well to antifungal chemotherapy - need to excise
32
what do subcutaneous mycoses cause and what microbe is responsible
sporotrichosis - sporothrix schenkii - thorns and splinters - responds to oral potassium iodine
33
what do systemic mycoses do
invade internal organs
34
what are systemic mycoses caused by
endemic dimorphic fungal pathogens
35
what is a saprobe
organism living on dead or decaying matter
36
what is a spherule
100s of endospores
37
what is a histoplasmosis caused by
histoplasma capsulatum
38
what is a blastomycosis caused by
blastomyces dermatitidis
39
what is a coccidiodes immitis caused by
coccidioidomycosis
40
what are histoplasma capsulatum transmitted by
- bird or bat droppings - acquire fungus by inhalation of conidia
41
what do histoplasma capsulatum do in the body
remains viable within macrophages - modulate pH of phagolysosome - antibody plays no role in resolution - cell mediated immune system of CD4 T lymphocytes and activated macrophages are important for immunity - granulomas develop in lung with caseous necrosis
42
primary infections of histoplasma capsulatum are often _____
asymptomatic
43
what is the treatment for histopalsma capsulatum
3-12 months of antifungal agent
44
where are blastomyces dermatiditis found and how are they transferred
- found in decaying matter - acquire fungus by inhalation of conidia
45
describe blastomyces dermatitis in the body
- cell mediated immune system of CD4 T lymphocytes and activated macrophages are important for immunity - granulomas develop with caseous necrosis - cutaneous lesions are a hallmark of disease heaped up borders and small, central microabscesses
46
how are blastomyces dermatiditis diagnosed
histopathological examination- thick walled yeasts with single broad based bud
47
what is the treatment for blastomyces dermatiditis
6-12 months of antifungal agent
48
where are coccidioides immitis found
southwestern USA- lower sonoran life zone
49
what is the primary target of coccidioides immitis
lung but the fungus spreads through the circulatory system and infects many organs
50
what symptoms go with coccidioides immitis
- acute pulmonary infection - arthralgias and skin lesions - "desert rheumatism" or "fvalley fever" - disseminated coccidioidomycosis - chronic meningitis
51
how long is the treatment for coccidiodes immitis
12-24 months

Microbiology (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions