Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Terms > Chapter 6: Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Pathology: condition of having too few white blood cells

A

leukopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pathology: condition of having too few platelets

A

thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pathology: condition of having too high a level of lipids such as cholesterol in bloodstream; risk factor for developing atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease

A

hyperlipidemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pathology: general term for indicating presence of a disease affecting blood

A

dyscrasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pathology: condition of having too many white blood cells

A

leukocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pathology: genetic disorder in which erythrocytes take on abnormal curved or sickle shape; cells are fragile and are easily damaged, leading to hemolytic anemia

A

sickle cell anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: incision into vein to remove blood for diagnostic test; venipuncture

A

phlebotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pathology: blood flowing out of blood vessel; bleeding

A

hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: determines number of platelets in given volume of blood

A

platelet count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Therapeutic Procedure: procedure for collecting and storing patient’s own blood several weeks to prior to actual need; can be used to replace blood lost during surgical procedure

A

autologous transfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pharmacology: given patient a second drug to boost effect of another drug; total strength of drugs is greater than sum of strength of individual drugs

A

potentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pathology: anemia resulting from having insufficient hemoglobin in erythrocytes; named because hemoglobin molecule is responsible for dark red color of erythrocytes

A

hypochromic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pathology: hard collection of fibrin, blood cells, and tissue debris that is end result of hemostasis or blood-clotting process; blood clot

A

thrombus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: determines number of each variety of leukocytes in volume of blood

A

white blood cell differential (diff)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Drugs: increases number of erythrocytes or amount of hemoglobin in blood (ex. epoetin alfa, Procrit; darbepoetin alfa, Aranesp)

A

hematinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pathology: branch of medicine specializing in treatment of diseases and conditions of blood

A

hematology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pathology: anemia that develops as result of destruction of erythrocytes

A

hemolytic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Therapeutic Procedure: replacement of blood by transfusion of blood received from another person

A

homologous transfustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: determines disease such as sickle cell anemia through examination of specimen of blood for abnormalities in shape of erythrocytes

A

red blood cell morphology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pathology: cancer located in red bone marrow tissue responsible for producing white blood cells; results in large number of abnormal and immature leukocytes circulating in bloodstream

A

leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pathology: severe form of anemia that develops as a consequence of loss of functioning red bone marrow; results in decrease in number of all formed elements; may eventually require bone marrow transplant

A

aplastic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: indicates blood’s coagulation abilities by measuring how long it takes for a clot to form after prothrombin has been activated

A

prothrombin time (pro-time, PT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pathology: large group of conditions characterized by reduction in number of red blood cells or amount of hemoglobin in blood; results in less oxygen reaching tissues

A

anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: blood test to measure volume of red blood cells (erythrocytes) within total volume of blood

A

hematocrit (HCT, Hct, crit)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Pharmacology: sum of action of two or more drugs given; total strength of medications is equal to sum of strength of each individual drug

A

additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: measures number of leukocytes in blood

A

white blood cell count (WBC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: removed by aspiration with a need, sample of bone marrow is examined for diseases

A

bone marrow aspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Pathology: having too few of all cells

A

pancytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Pathology: genetic disorder in which body is unable to make functioning hemoglobin, resulting in anemia

A

thalassemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Drugs: able to dissolve existing blood clots (ex. alteplase, Activase,tissue plasminogen activator; Tenecteplase)

A

fibrinolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: blood test to determine rate mature blood cells settle out of blood after addition of anticoagulant; indicated presence of inflammatory disease

A

erythrocytes sedimentation rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Drugs: prevents blood clot formation; blood thinner (ex. heparin, HepLock; warfarin, Coumadin)

A

anticoagulant

34
Q

Pathology: having bacteria or their toxins in bloodstream; blood poisoning

A

septicemia

35
Q

Therapeutic Procedure: patient refuses red bone marrow from donor after patient’s own bone marrow has been destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy

A

bone marrow transplant

36
Q

Therapeutic Procedure: method of removing plasma from body without depleting formed elements; whole blood is removed and cells and plasma are separated; cells are returned to patient along with donor plasma transfusion

A

plasmapheresis

37
Q

Pathology: collection of blood under skin as result of blood escaping into tissue from damaged blood vessel; a bruise

A

hematoma

38
Q

Pathology: anemia associated with insufficient absorption of Vitamin B12, by digestive system

A

pernicious anemia (PA)

39
Q

Pathology: anemia resulting from not having sufficient iron to manufacture hemoglobin

A

iron-deficiency anemia

40
Q

Therapeutic Procedure: transfusion of a mixture of both plasma and formed elements

A

whole blood

41
Q

Pharmacology: occurs when effect of one drug is altered because it was taken at the same time as another drug

A

drug interaction

42
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: combination of blood tests including red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cells count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), white blood cells differential, and platelet count

A

complete blood count (CBC)

43
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: automated machine that analyzes different characteristics of blood specimen, such as complete blood count, erythrocytes sedimentation rate, and blood-clotting tests

A

blood analyzer

44
Q

Pathology: type of leukemia in which abnormal white blood cells are lymphocytes; may be acute or chronic

A

myeloid leukemia

45
Q

Pharmacology: condition in which particular drug should not be used

A

contraindication

46
Q

Pathology: condition of having too few red blood cells

A

erythropenia

47
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: sample of blood is incubated in laboratory to check for bacterial growth; tested to determine to which antibiotics they are sensitive

A

blood culture and sensitivity (C&S)

48
Q

Pathology: destruction of patient’s erythrocytes that occurs when receiving a transfusion of incompatible blood type; transfusion reaction

A

hemolytic reaction

49
Q

Therapeutic Procedure: transfusion in which most of plasma, leukocytes, and platelets have been removed, leaving only erythrocytes

A

packed red cells

50
Q

Pathology: to convert a liquid to a gel or solid

A

coagulate

51
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: blood test to measure amount of hemoglobin present in volume of blood

A

hemoglobin (Hgb, Hb)

52
Q

Pathology: hereditary blood disease where blood-clotting time is prolonged due to lack of one vital clotting factor; transmitted by sex-linked trait from female to male

A

hemophilia

53
Q

Pathology: condition of having too many red blood cells

A

erythrocytosis

54
Q

Pathology: condition of having too many platelets

A

thrombocytosis

55
Q

Pathology: production of too many red blood cells by bone marrow; blood vessels become too thick to easily flow through blood vessels

A

polycythemia vera

56
Q

Therapeutic Procedure: artificial transfer of blood into bloodstream

A

blood transfusion

57
Q

Drugs: interferes with action of platelets; prolongs bleeding time; used to prevent heart attacks and strokes (ex. clopidogrel, Plavix; ticlopidine; Ticlid)

A

antiplatelet agents

58
Q

Drugs: prevents or stops hemorrhaging; hemostatic agent (ex. aminocaproic acid, Amicar; vitamin K)

A

antihemorrhagic

59
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: determines number of erythrocytes in volume of blood; decrease in red blood cells may indicate anemia; increase may indicate polycythemia

A

red blood cell count (RBC)

60
Q

The parts of the blood that transports gases, nutrients, and wastes to all areas of the body.

A

red blood cells and plasma

61
Q

The part of the blood that fights infection and disease.

A

white blood cells

62
Q

The part of the blood that initiates the blood-clotting process.

A

platelets

63
Q

What are the primary components that comprise blood?

A

plasma
blood cells: erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

64
Q

How much blood does the average adult have?

A

about 5 liters

65
Q

What is the process that produces blood cells called?

A

hematopoiesis

66
Q

** The plasma protein that helps transport fatty substances that can’t dissolve in the watery plasma

A

albumin

67
Q

The plasma globulin that acts as an antibody

A

gamma globulin

68
Q

The waste product disposed of by the liver.

A

bilirubin

69
Q

A laboratory test determines if the donated blood is compatible with the recipient’s blood.

A

blood typing

70
Q

The type of immunity that is not specific to any disease and does not require exposure to pathogenic agent.

A

natural (innate) immunity

71
Q

When a person receives protective substances produced by another human or animal

A

passive acquired immunity

72
Q

The immunity that develops after direct exposure to a pathogen.

A

active acquired immunity

73
Q

infection acquired through hospital exposure (also called healthcare-associated infection

A

nosocomial infection

74
Q

Type of nosocomial infection that occurs when a person acquires a pathogen from another patient or healthcare worker.

A

cross infection

75
Q

Type of nosocomial infection that takes place when patient becomes infected again with the same pathogen that brought them to the hospital in the first place.

A

reinfection

76
Q

Type of nosocomial infection that occurs when a person becomes infected in a different part of the body by a pathogen from another part of his or her own body

A

self-inoculation

77
Q

Small organs made of lymphatic tissue that house lymphocytes and antibodies that remove pathogens and cell debris from lymph.
- also trap and destroy cells from cancerous tumors

A

Lymph nodes

78
Q

A collection of lymphatic tissue located on each side of the throat
- acts as filters to protect the body from invasion of pathogens

A

Tonsils

79
Q

Located in the upper left quadrant and consists of lymphatic tissue that is highly infiltrated with blood vessels
- destroys old blood vessels, recycles the iron, and stores some of the blood supply

A

Spleen

80
Q
A

Med Terms (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions