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Med Terms > Section II: Muscular System > Flashcards

Section II: Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

movement away from midline of the body

A

abduction

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2
Q

movement toward midline of the body

A

adduction

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3
Q

act of bending or being bent

A

flexion

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4
Q

movement that brings limb into or toward a straight condition

A

extension

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5
Q

backward bending

A

dorsiflexion

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6
Q

bonding sole of foot; pointing toes downward

A

plantar flexion

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7
Q

turning outward

A

eversion

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8
Q

turning inward

A

inversion

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9
Q

to turn downward or backward with hand or foot

A

pronation

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10
Q

turning the palm or foot upward

A

supination

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11
Q

to raise a body part

A

elevation

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12
Q

movement in circular direction from a central point as if drawing large, imaginary circle in the air

A

circumduction

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13
Q

moving thumb away from palm; ability to move the thumb into contact with the other fingers

A

opposition

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14
Q

moving around a central axis

A

rotation

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15
Q

Pathology: Medical Specialties; science that studies movement, how it is produced, and muscles involved

A

kinesiology

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16
Q

Pathology: Medical Specialties; assists person to regain, develop, and improve skills important for independent functioning

A

occupational therapy

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17
Q

Pathology: Medical Specialties; branch of medicine focused on restoring function; primarily cares for patients with musculoskeletal and nervous system disorders

A

physical medicine

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18
Q

Pathology: Medical Specialties; evaluation and treatment of disorders and rehabilitation of people using physical methods (heat, cold, massage, and exercise)

A

physical therapy

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19
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; scar tissue forming in fascia surrounding muscle, making it difficult to stretch muscle

A

adhesion

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20
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; lack of muscle tone

A

atonia

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21
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; poor muscle development as a result of muscle disease, nervous system disease, or lack of use

A

atrophy

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22
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; having slow movements

A

bradykinesia

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23
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; abnormal shortening of muscle fibers, tendons, or fascia, making it difficult to stretch muscle

A

contracture

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24
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; having difficult or abnormal movement

A

dyskinesia

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25
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; having abnormal muscle tone

A

dystonia

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26
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; having excessive amount of movement

A

hyperkinesia

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27
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; having excessive muscle tone

A

hypertonia

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28
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; increase in muscle bulk as a result of use, as with lifting waste

A

hypertrophy

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29
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; having insufficient amount of movement

A

hypokinesia

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30
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; having insufficient muscle tone

A

hypertonia

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31
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; attacks of severe pain and lameness caused by ischemia of muscles, caused by walking

A

intermittent claudication

32
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; muscle pain

A

myalgia

33
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; muscle weakness

A

myasthenia

34
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; muscle tone

A

myotonia

35
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; sudden, involuntary, strong muscle contraction

A

spasm

36
Q

Pathology: Signs and Symptoms; tendon pain

A

tenodynia

37
Q

Pathology: Muscles; condition with widespread aching and pain in muscles and soft tissue

A

fibromyalgia

38
Q

Pathology: Muscles; inflammation of muscle attachment to lateral epicondyle of elbow; caused by strong gripping (tennis elbow)

A

lateral epicondylitis

39
Q

Pathology: Muscles; inherited disease causing progressive muscle degeneration, weakness, and atrophy

A

muscular dystrophy

40
Q

Pathology: Muscles; general term for muscle disease

A

myopathy

41
Q

Pathology: Muscles; tearing a muscle

A

myorrhexis

42
Q

Pathology: Muscles; bacterial infection that results in death of a body’s soft tissue (flesh-eating disease)

A

necrotizing fasciitis

43
Q

Pathology: Muscles; simultaneous inflammation of two or more muscles

A

polymyositis

44
Q

Pathology: Muscles; type of inherited muscular dystrophy where muscle tissue in gradually replaced by fatty tissue

A

pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy

45
Q

Pathology: Muscles; severe neck spasms pulling head to one side

A

torticollis

46
Q

Pathology: Tendons, Muscles, and/or Ligaments; repetitive motion disorder with pain caused by compression of finger flexor tendons

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

47
Q

Pathology: Tendons, Muscles, and/or Ligaments; cyst that forms on tendon sheath, usually on hand, wrist, or ankle

A

ganglion cyst

48
Q

Pathology: Tendons, Muscles, and/or Ligaments; group of chronic disorders involving tendon, muscle, joint, and nerve damage, resulting from tissue being subjected to pressure, vibration, or repetitive movements

A

repetitive motion disorder

49
Q

Pathology: Tendons, Muscles, and/or Ligaments; rotator cuff consists on joint capsule of shoulder joint reinforced by tendons from several shoulder muschles

A

rotator cuff injury

50
Q

Pathology: Tendons, Muscles, and/or Ligaments; damage to muscle, tendons, or ligaments, due to overuse or overstretching

A

strain

51
Q

Pathology: Tendons, Muscles, and/or Ligaments; inflammation of tendon

A

tendinitis

52
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: Clinical Laboratory Test; muscle enzyme found in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle; blood levels become elevated in dorsers such as heart attack

A

creatine kinase

53
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: Additional Diagnostic Procedures: muscle contraction in response to a stretch caused by striking muscle tendon with a reflex hammer

A

deep tendon reflexes

54
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: Additional Diagnostic Procedures: hardcopy record produced by electomyography

A

electromyogram

55
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: Additional Diagnostic Procedures: study and record of strength and quality of muscle contractions as a result of electrical stimulation

A

electromyography

56
Q

Diagnostic Procedure: Additional Diagnostic Procedures: removal of muscle tissue for pathological examination

A

muscle biopsy

57
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; activities usually performed during a normal day, such as eating, dressing, and washing

A

activities of daily living

58
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; use of cold in a treatment

A

cryotherapy

59
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; assisting patient to learn to walk again or to use assistive device

A

gait training

60
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; application of warm water as a treatment can be done in bath, swimming pool

A

hydrotherapy

61
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; kneading or applying pressure by hands to part of body to promote muscle relaxation of reduce tension

A

massage

62
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; treatments like exercise, massage, and physical manipulation to restore movement to joints and soft tissue

A

mobilization

63
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; putting a joint through available range of motion without assistance from patient

A

passive range of motion

64
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; use of ultrasound waves to introduce medication across skin

A

phonophoresis

65
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; process of treatment and exercise that can help person with disability attain maximum function and well-being

A

rehabilitation

66
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; exercise planned and carried out to achieve specific physical benefit (improved range of motion, muscle strengthening)

A

therapeutic exercise

67
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; applying heat, in form of moist, hot packs

A

thermotherapy

68
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; use of high-frequency sound waves to create heat in soft tissues under skin; useful for treating muscle injuries, tendons, ligaments

A

ultrasound

69
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; surgical cutting of ligament in wrist to relieve nerve pressure caused by carpal tunnel syndrome

A

carpal tunnel release

70
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; surgical procedure that cuts into fascia

A

fasciotomy

71
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; surgical procedure to repair a muscle

A

myoplasty

72
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; to suture a muscle

A

myorrhaphy

73
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; surgical procedure to repair a tendon

A

tendoplasty

74
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; surgical procedure that cuts into tendon

A

tendotomy

75
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; surgical procedure to stabilize joint by anchoring down tendons of muscles that move joint

A

tenodesis

76
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; surgical procedure to repair a tendon

A

tenoplasty

77
Q

Therapeutic Procedures: Rehabilitation Procedures; to suture a tendon

A

tenorrhaphy

Med Terms (18 decks)

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