Chapter 6 Blood, Lymphatic, Immune System

Question 1

Autoimmune

Answer 1

Type of immune response by the body against its own cells or tissues

Question 2

Capillaries

Answer 2

Microscopic blood vessels that connect the ends of the smallest arteries (arterioles) with the smallest veins (venules) of the circulatory system

Question 3

Hematopoiesis

Answer 3

Production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow; also called “hemopoiesis”
[hemat/o=blood; -poiesis= formation, production]

Question 4

Immune response

Answer 4

Defense function of the body that protects it against invading pathogens, foreign tissues, and malignancies. Lymphatic and immune systems are closely involved-working together to protect the body against invasion of foreign organisms.

Question 5

Immunodeficiency

Answer 5

Decreased or compromised ability to fight disease or a condition resulting from a defective immune mechanism

Question 6

Interstitial fluid

Answer 6

Fluid between cells and in tissue spaces

Question 7

Lymphocyte

Answer 7

Type of white blood cell (WBC) found in the lymph nodes, spleen, bloodstream, and lymph that functions in the body’s immune system by recognizing and deactivating foreign substances (angtigens)
[lymph/o=lymph; -cyte=cell]

Question 8

Monocytes

Answer 8

Large WBCs formed in the bone marrow that circulate in the bloodstream and destroy pathogenic bacteria through phagocytosis
[mono-=one; -cyte=cell]

Question 9

Oncology

Answer 9

Branch of medicine concerned with the study of cancerous growths (malignancies)
[onc/o=tumor; -logy= study of]

Question 10

Pathogens

Answer 10

Any microorganism capable of production disease

[path/o=disease; -gen=forming, producing, origin]

Question 11

Transfusion

Answer 11

Collection of blood or a blood component from a donor followed by its infusion into a recipient

Question 12

Hematology

Answer 12

Study of the blood and blood-forming tissues and the diseases associated with these tissues
[hem/o=blood; -logy=study of]

Question 13

Hematologists

Answer 13

Physicians who specialize in the study and treatment of blood and blood disorders; treat malignant (cancerous) and no malignant blood diseases.

Question 14

Antigen

Answer 14

Substance that, when entering the body, prompts the generation of antibodies, causing an immune response (**anything that causes an immune response); may be harmless, such as grass pollen, or harmful, such as the flu virus.
[anti-=against; gen=forming, producing, origin]

Question 15

Immunology

Answer 15

Study of the body’s protection from invading organisms and its response to them. Invaders include viruses, bacteria, Protozoa, and even larger parasites.

Question 16

Pathogens

Answer 16

Disease-causing antigens. Immune system is designed to protect the body from pathogens.

Question 17

Immune response

Answer 17

Body’s ability to fight disease and protect itself

Question 18

Immunologist

Answer 18

Medical specialist who studies and treats the body’s defense mechanism against invasion of foreign substances that cause disease. Consulted when the immune system breaks down and the body loses its ability to recognize antigens or its ability to mount an attack against them.

Question 19

Autoimmune

Answer 19

Diseases in which the immune system counteracts to the body and attacks itself

Question 20

Immunodeficiency

Answer 20

Diseases such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); immune complex diseases, such as malaria and viral hepatitis; autoimmune diseases, such as lupus; transplanted cells and organs; allergies; and various cancer types related to the immune system

Question 21

Blood (function of)

Answer 21

Transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body and remove carbon dioxide and metabolic waste products from the cells. Two main components: plasma and formed elements {RBC, WBC, Platelets}

Question 22

Formed elements of blood

Answer 22

Erythrocytes: (RBC) deliver oxygen to the body tissues via the circulatory system.

Leukocytes: (WBC) provide a line of defense against pathogens

Platelets: (clotting cells) clotting ability that prevents excessive loss of blood.

Produced in the bone marrow by hematopoiesis

Question 23

Lymphatic system

Answer 23

Lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and 3 organs: tonsils, thymus, and spleen. The lymph circulating through the lymphatic system comes from the blood. Contains WBC (leukocytes) responsible for immunity. (Monocytes and lymphocytes)

Question 24

Interstitial fluid

Answer 24

Created when certain components of blood plasma filter through tiny capillaries into the spaces between cells called interstitial (or intercellular) spaces.

Question 25

Lymph capillaries

Answer 25

Thin-walled vessels that absorb most interstitial fluid from the interstitial spaces.

Question 26

Lymph nodes

Answer 26

Lymphatic tissue that interstitial fluid that has become lymph passes through. Nodes are located in clusters in areas such as the neck (cervical lymph nodes), under the arms (auxiliary lymph nodes), pelvis (iliac lymph nodes), and groin (inguinal lymph nodes). **Act as filters against foreign material.