Chapter 6 Part 1 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 6 Part 1 Deck (34)
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1
Q

Study of bone structure and treatment methods

A

Osteology

2
Q

Supports and protects- assist in movement -mineral homeostasis -blood cell production -triglyceride storage

A

Bone tissue functions

3
Q

Cylindrical portion

A

Diaphysis (saft) (long bone)

4
Q

Distal and proximal ends

A

Epiphyses (long bone)

5
Q

Joins diaphysis with epiphyses -ingrowing bones

A

Metaphysis (long bone)

6
Q

Growth plate,involved in bone growth and length

A

Ephiphyseal (metaphysis)

7
Q

At age 18-21 ______ stops growing in length and epiphyseal plate is replaced by epiphyseal line -rich in blood and nerve supply

A

Bones

8
Q

Hyaline cartilage covering epiphysis in synovial joints

A

Articular cartilage

9
Q

Outer bone covering- permits bone growth in thickness -attachment point for ligaments and tendons

A

Periosteum

10
Q

Space in diaphysis

A

Meduallary cavity

11
Q

Membrane lining medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

12
Q

Matrix surrounding ________ consists of 25% water 25% collagen fiver and 50% salts

A

Bone cells

13
Q

The most abundant slat hardens bone

A

Calcium phosphate

14
Q

Contribute to tensile strength

A

Collagen fibers

15
Q

Bone stem cells that divide to form osteoblast

A

Osteogenic

16
Q

Immature bone building cells

A

Osteoblast

17
Q

Mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue

A

Osteocytes

18
Q

Function in bone resorption; crush bone, controlling blood calcium levels

A

Osteoclasts

19
Q

Most common and strongest type -forms exterior of all bones -blood vessels penetrate compact bone though horizontal perforating canals

A

Compact (dense bone)

20
Q

Structural units of compact bone consisting of concentric lamelle, lacunae, canaliculi

A

Osteons (compact bone)

21
Q

Rings of calcified bone matrix

A

Concentric lamelle (osteons)

22
Q

Spaces containing osteocytes

A

Lacumae (osteons)

23
Q

Small channels permitting osteocytes to exchange materials with blood

A

Canaliculi (osteons )

24
Q

Appeals like sponge that lightens bone -some adults spongy bone contain red bone marrow including axial skeleton, pelvic bone and ends of long bones

A

Spongy (cancellous) bone

25
Q

Thin plates of bone

A

Trabeculae (spongy bone)

26
Q

Blood cell production

A

Hemopoesis (spongy bone)

27
Q

Measure bone density -dark areas; hot spots may indicate bone cancer -Lighter areas; cold spots may indicate osteoporosis

A

Bone scans

28
Q

Intramembraneous ossification endochondral ossification

A

Bone formation 2 types

29
Q

Brings before birth -bones are formed directly from mesenchyme; cranial bones and clavicle

A

Intramembranous ossification

30
Q

Ossification center develop ; osteoblasts secrete matrix -calcification occurs ; salts hardens matrix -spongy bone formed -compact bone replaces most spongy bone

A

Intramembraneous ossification 4 steps

31
Q

Most common methos involves bone forming directly from cartilage

A

Endochondral ossification

32
Q

Cartilage model develops; immature cartilage cells called chondroblasts form- growth of cartilage model; interstitial growth lengthens cartilage ; appositional growth thickens cartilage by depositing cartilage on outer surface -primary ossification center develops; bone forms in diaphysis replacing most cartilage

A

Endochondral ossification 6 steps (1-3)

33
Q

Medullary cavity develops -secondary ossification center develops; bone forms in epiphysis -epiphyseal plate and articular cartilage develop

A

Endochondral ossification 6 steps (4-6)

34
Q

A connective tissue that remodels and repairs on a daily basis -makes up 18% of body weight

A

Bone tissue