Chapter 7 Flashcards
(219 cards)
1
Q
What is the definition of Allegory?
A
A figure of speech in which abstract ideas and principles are described in terms of characters, figures, and events
2
Q
Name a famous example of Allegory in literature.
A
Animal Farm by George Orwell
3
Q
What does a Ballad represent?
A
A type of poetry or verse that tells a story, often set to music
4
Q
Which poem is an example of a lyrical ballad?
A
Rime of an Ancient Mariner
5
Q
What is the primary purpose of Comedy as a literary genre?
A
To amuse the audience
6
Q
True or False: Tragedy is the opposite of Comedy.
A
True
7
Q
What characterizes a Comedy?
A
Amusing and satirical tone with a cheerful ending
8
Q
Name an example of a romantic comedy.
A
A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare
9
Q
What is Drama in literature?
A
A mode of fictional representation through dialogue and performance
10
Q
What is a key characteristic of Epic poetry?
A
A long narrative poem recounting heroic deeds
11
Q
What does the term ‘Essay’ mean?
A
A short form of literary composition based on a single subject matter
12
Q
Fill in the blank: An essay is derived from the French word _______.
A
essayer
13
Q
What is the moral lesson usually found in a Fable?
A
A concise and brief story intended to provide a moral lesson
14
Q
Who is a notable author of fables?
A
Aesop
15
Q
What defines a Farce?
A
A comedy that uses exaggerated and funny situations aimed at entertaining the audience
16
Q
What is a Legend?
A
A traditional story or group of stories told about a particular person or place
17
Q
Name an example of a local legend.
A
The story of George Washington and the cherry tree
18
Q
What is the main difference between literary and non-literary essays?
A
Literary essays focus on artistic expression; non-literary essays can be written in any format
19
Q
What type of essay attempts to convince readers to adopt a particular viewpoint?
A
Persuasive Essay
20
Q
True or False: Melodrama is characterized by its subtle and understated themes.
A
False
21
Q
What does the term ‘Epic’ also loosely describe besides long narrative poems?
A
Novels and motion pictures
22
Q
What is a local legend?
A
A unique property of a place or person that depicts a story, often linked to well-known folktales.
23
Q
Give an example of a local legend.
A
William Tell, a marksman who shot an object from his son’s head.
24
Q
True or False: Local legends can travel and adapt to different cultures.
A
True
25
Define myth.
A legendary or traditional story concerning events or heroes, often involving supernatural beings.
26
Name a type of myth.
Classic myths, religious myths, modern myths
27
Which literary figure often referred to Roman and Greek myths?
Shakespeare
28
Fill in the blank: A __________ is an imitation of a particular writer or genre to produce a comic effect.
parody
29
How does parody differ from satire?
Parody mimics a subject directly for comedic effect, while satire critiques without direct imitation.
30
What is a poem?
A collection of spoken or written words expressing ideas or emotions in a vivid and imaginative style.
31
List three types of poetry.
* Haiku
* Free Verse
* Sonnet
32
What is the definition of satire?
A technique used to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption through humor, irony, or ridicule.
33
What is Greek tragedy?
A form of drama originating in the 5th century BC, focusing on serious subjects and human suffering.
34
Name one prominent Greek dramatist.
Aeschylus, Sophocles, or Euripides
35
What is an allegory?
A symbolism device conveying a greater concept through a more corporeal object or idea.
36
Define alliteration.
A literary device where words in quick succession begin with the same sound group.
37
What is an allusion?
A figure of speech where the author makes a passing reference to a subject matter.
38
What does analogy help establish?
A relationship based on similarities between two concepts or ideas.
39
What is an anecdote?
A short verbal account of a funny or interesting event.
40
Define antithesis.
A literary device using contrasting meanings in close proximity to create stark contrasts.
41
What is assonance?
Repetition of vowel sounds within a sentence or phrase.
42
What does characterization refer to?
The process of introducing and describing a character in literature.
43
Define conflict in literature.
Resistance the protagonist faces in achieving aims or dreams, which can be internal or external.
44
What are connotations?
Associations people make with words that go beyond their literal definitions.
45
Define consonance.
Repetition of consonant sounds in quick succession within a sentence or phrase.
46
What is denotation?
The dictionary definition or literal meaning of a word.
47
What literary device creates emotions or feelings in the reader?
Imagery
## Footnote
Example: 'And once again, the autumn leaves were falling.'
48
Define consonance in literature.
Repetition of consonant sounds within a sentence or phrase, often at the end of words
## Footnote
Example: 'He struck a streak of bad luck.'
49
What does denotation refer to?
The literal meaning of a word
## Footnote
Example: 'They built a house.'
50
What is an epilogue?
An afterword that provides insight into developments after the main plot
## Footnote
It often teases potential sequels or discusses characters' futures.
51
What is a euphemism?
A milder or less abrasive form of a negative description
## Footnote
Example: 'Downsizing' for laying off employees.
52
What is a flashback?
A literary device depicting events that occurred before the current narrative
## Footnote
Example: 'Back in the day when Sarah was a young girl…'
53
What does foreshadowing imply?
Hints or indicative phrases that suggest upcoming events in a story
## Footnote
Example: 'He had no idea of the disastrous chain of events to follow.'
54
Define hubris.
Excessive pride or arrogance, often leading to downfall
## Footnote
Example: Macbeth's belief he could kill without penalty.
55
What is hyperbole?
An exaggerated statement not meant to be taken literally
## Footnote
Example: 'I am so tired I cannot walk another inch.'
56
What does imagery do in literature?
Creates mental images through descriptive language
## Footnote
Example: 'The gushing brook stole its way down the lush green mountains.'
57
What is irony?
A contrast between literal meaning and the intended meaning
## Footnote
Example: 'Oh! What fine luck I have!'
58
Define juxtaposition.
Placing two concepts or characters side by side to highlight contrasts
## Footnote
Example: Comparing Satan and God in Paradise Lost.
59
What is malapropism?
Misusing words by substituting similar-sounding words with different meanings
## Footnote
Example: 'Our watch, sir, have indeed comprehended two auspicious persons.'
60
What is a metaphor?
A figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as'
## Footnote
Example: 'Henry was a lion on the battlefield.'
61
Define metonymy.
Substituting the name of one thing with the name of something closely associated with it
## Footnote
Example: 'Washington D.C.' for the U.S. government.
62
What does mood refer to in literature?
The emotional perspective of the author towards the subject
## Footnote
Example: The sensitivity in Erich Segal’s Love Story.
63
What is a motif?
A recurring element or theme throughout a literary work
## Footnote
Example: The 'handsome prince' motif in fairy tales.
64
What is onomatopoeia?
Words that imitate the sounds they represent
## Footnote
Example: 'buzz', 'snap', 'grunt'.
65
Define oxymoron.
A figure of speech that combines contradictory terms
## Footnote
Example: 'cold fire' or 'deafening silence.'
66
What is a paradox?
A statement that contradicts itself but reveals a deeper truth
## Footnote
Example: 'High walls make not a palace.'
67
What does personification involve?
Attributing human traits to inanimate objects or animals
## Footnote
Example: 'The raging winds' or 'The wise owl.'
68
What is plot in literature?
The sequence of events that make up a story
## Footnote
Example: Boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy wins girl back.
69
Define point of view.
The perspective from which a story is narrated
## Footnote
Example: First person vs. third person narration.
70
What is satire?
A literary technique that critiques human flaws through humor
## Footnote
Often aims to correct or improve the subject of satire.
71
What narrative perspective is used in the Princess Diaries?
First person
## Footnote
The protagonist tells the story from her own point of view.
72
What is satire in literature?
The practice of making fun of a human weakness or character flaw
## Footnote
Its purpose is to derive a reaction of contempt from the reader.
73
Provide an example of satire in modern pop culture.
The TV series Southpark
## Footnote
It draws attention to flaws in society, particularly American society.
74
Define 'setting' in literature.
The time, place, and mood of the events of the story.
75
What is a simile?
A comparison between two unrelated and dissimilar things using 'like' or 'as'.
76
What is suspense in literature?
The intense feeling of waiting for the outcome of certain events.
77
What literary device is used to create suspense?
Cliffhanger.
78
What is a symbol in literature?
An object or action that means something more than its literal meaning.
79
Define 'syntax' in literature.
The arrangement of words and sentences in writing.
80
What is a theme in a literary work?
The base topic or focus that acts as a foundation for the entire piece.
81
What does tone refer to in literature?
The author's perspective or attitude towards a character, place, or development.
82
Define tragedy in literature.
A series of unfortunate events culminating in a disaster.
83
What is an example of a famous tragedy?
Julius Caesar.
84
What is an understatement?
Drawing attention to an obvious fact through sarcasm or irony.
85
What is a stanza in poetry?
Several lines of poetry grouped together.
86
Define couplet in poetry.
Two lines of poetry that often rhyme and stand apart from the rest.
87
What is a soliloquy?
A long speech by one character expressing thoughts and feelings, not directed to another character.
88
What is meter in poetry?
The rhythmic structure of the poem.
89
Define iambic pentameter.
A line with ten syllables following an unstressed-stressed pattern.
90
What is free verse poetry?
Poetry that does not stick to a particular structure or rhythm.
91
What is blank verse?
Poetry that does not rhyme but has a regular meter.
92
What is a narrative poem?
A poem that tells a story and has a plot and characters.
93
Define sonnet.
A 14-line poem written in iambic pentameter.
94
What is an elegy?
A poem with a sad, melancholy mood, often written for someone who has died.
95
What is alliteration?
The repetition of the same consonant sounds at the beginning of words close together.
96
What is consonance?
The repetition of the same consonant sounds in words close together, not limited to the beginning.
97
Define imagery in poetry.
Descriptive language that creates pictures in the reader's mind.
98
What is the purpose of poetic license?
To stray from typical rules of grammar, logic, and syntax to suit the needs of a poem.
99
What is personification?
Giving human qualities to an object or animal.
100
What is a quatrain?
A four-line stanza.
101
What is a refrain in poetry?
A line or phrase repeated throughout a poem.
102
What does rhyme scheme refer to?
A pattern of rhymes used in a poem.
103
What is internal rhyme?
When two or more words in the same line of poetry rhyme.
104
What is end rhyme?
Rhyming words at the end of lines in poetry.
105
What is internal rhyme?
Two or more words in the same line of a poem rhyme
106
Provide an example of internal rhyme.
Dreary and weary in the line from 'The Raven' by Edgar Allan Poe
107
What is end rhyme?
Rhyming lines of poetry or rhyming words at the end of lines
108
Give an example of end rhyme.
Showers and flowers
109
Define scansion.
Noting the number and placement of stresses in a poem and analyzing its metric structure
110
What is a sestet?
A six line stanza
111
What is a tercet?
A three line stanza
112
Define tetrameter.
A line built from four metric feet
113
Define trimeter.
A line built from three metric feet
114
What is a trochee?
A metric foot built from a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable
115
List the steps for annotating a poem.
* Identify the rhyme scheme
* Identify the meter and any variations
* Summarize each stanza if difficult
* Circle important and ambiguous words
* Circle examples of figurative language
* Write questions about structure and interpretation
* Write down insights
116
What should conclusions drawn from poem annotations address?
Author's intent, historical context, and textual evidence supporting conclusions
117
What is the first step in writing a poem analysis?
State the poem's theme in the topic sentence
118
What literary eras should ELAR teachers be knowledgeable about?
* Ancient Literature
* The Middle Ages
* The English Renaissance
* The Restoration and Enlightenment
* The Age of Romanticism
* The Victorian Age
* Emerging Modernism
* The Contemporary Era
* The Colonial Era
* The Early American Era
* The American Renaissance
* American Realism
* American Modernism
119
What characterized the literature of the ancient world?
Dramatic, complicated stories filled with adventure and love interests
120
How were early stories transmitted in ancient cultures?
Through oral tradition
121
What is the significance of myths and fables in ancient literature?
They imparted important values and morals
122
Name a famous collection of fables from ancient Greece.
Aesop's fables
123
What are epic poems?
Long narrative poems that follow a specific formula and involve an epic hero cycle
124
List examples of influential epic poems.
* The Epic of Gilgamesh
* The Iliad
* The Odyssey
* The Aeneid
125
What does the epic hero cycle involve?
Being charged with a quest and ultimately finding restitution
126
What can students learn from Homer's 'The Odyssey'?
The epic hero cycle and ancient Greek culture and values
127
What does 'The Epic of Gilgamesh' explore?
The journey of a selfish king seeking immortality
128
What is a notable theme in 'The Epic of Gilgamesh'?
The acceptance of change and the inevitability of death
129
What is Beowulf?
An Old English epic poem consisting of 3182 alliterative long lines
130
Who is the protagonist of 'Beowulf'?
Beowulf, a hero of the Geats
131
What is significant about the manuscript of 'Beowulf'?
It survives in the Nowell Codex located in the British Library
132
What historical event marked the end of the Old English period?
The Norman Invasion of 1066
133
What language influenced the development of Middle English?
Anglo-Norman French
134
Who was the first successful printer in England?
William Caxton
135
What transformation occurred in English literature during the fourteenth century?
English literature began to flourish with authors like John Gower and Geoffrey Chaucer
136
What is the basic premise of Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales?
The Canterbury Tales consists of stories related by 29 pilgrims on their way to Saint Thomas Becket’s shrine in Canterbury.
137
How many tales were originally planned for The Canterbury Tales?
One hundred and twenty tales.
138
How many tales did Chaucer actually complete in The Canterbury Tales?
Twenty-three tales.
139
Which tales in The Canterbury Tales are unfinished?
* The Cook’s tale
* The Squire’s tale
140
Who tells the first tale in The Canterbury Tales?
The Knight.
141
What is the central conflict in The Knight's Tale?
Two kinsmen, Arcite and Palamon, fall in love with the same woman, Emily.
142
What era does the English Renaissance encompass?
1485-1660.
143
What was a key belief during the Renaissance regarding humanity?
Humanity was making progress towards a noble summit of perfect existence.
144
What philosophical movement emerged during the Renaissance?
Humanism.
145
What was the single greatest innovation of the Renaissance era?
The printing press.
146
Who invented the printing press around 1440?
Johannes Gutenberg.
147
What effect did the printing press have on literacy rates?
Literacy rates saw a measurable uptick.
148
Name a major work by John Milton from the Renaissance period.
Paradise Lost.
149
What is the main theme of Milton's Paradise Lost?
Explaining the rise and fall of evil in heaven and man’s struggle with knowledge and sin.
150
What type of poetry did John Donne compose during the English Renaissance?
Metaphysical poetry.
151
What is the Age of Enlightenment also known as?
The Age of Reason.
152
What were the main focuses of the Enlightenment?
* Reason
* Analysis
* Individualism
153
Which author is widely considered one of the most influential thinkers of the Enlightenment?
John Locke.
154
What notable works did Daniel Defoe write during the Enlightenment?
* Robinson Crusoe
* Moll Flanders
155
What is the premise of Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift?
A satire told by a ship’s surgeon about a shipwreck on the island of Lilliput.
156
What is a major theme explored in Romantic literature?
Intense emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience.
157
Name a key work by William Blake from the Romantic era.
Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience.
158
What genre became most important during the Victorian Age?
The novel.
159
Who is the dominant author of the Victorian Age?
Charles Dickens.
160
What is a significant theme in the works of Thomas Hardy?
The harsh realities of the world.
161
Which poem by Alfred Tennyson became famous during the Victorian Age?
The Charge of the Light Brigade.
162
Fill in the blank: The __________ period saw a significant expansion of newspapers and periodicals.
Victorian
163
True or False: The Romantic movement emphasized reason over emotion.
False.
164
Who is the author of the first novel 'Under the Greenwood Tree'?
Thomas Hardy
165
What year was Thomas Hardy's last novel 'Jude the Obscure' published?
1895
166
Which poets are considered the most famous in Victorian England?
Robert Browning and Alfred Tennyson
167
What year did Thomas Hardy publish his first poetry collection?
1898
168
Fill in the blank: Charlotte Bronte wrote _______.
Jane Eyre
169
Fill in the blank: Emily Bronte wrote _______.
Wuthering Heights
170
Who authored 'The Origin of the Species'?
Charles Darwin
171
Name one famous work by Alfred Lord Tennyson.
Ulysses or The Charge of the Light Brigade
172
Which famous children's book was written by Lewis Carroll?
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
173
What genre of theatre became popular in the 1870s?
Comic operas by Gilbert and Sullivan
174
Who wrote 'The Importance of Being Earnest'?
Oscar Wilde
175
What major event influenced the Modernist Period in English Literature?
World War One
176
What characterizes the Modernist literary movement?
Breaks with traditional ways of viewing the world
177
Fill in the blank: A central preoccupation of Modernism is with the _______.
inner self and consciousness
178
Name a famous work by James Joyce.
Ulysses or Araby
179
Who wrote 'To the Lighthouse'?
Virginia Woolf
180
Which poem by Dylan Thomas reflects on mortality?
Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night
181
What literary themes emerged in the Contemporary Era after World War II?
Social and moral dilemmas
182
Which author wrote '1984'?
George Orwell
183
Fill in the blank: 'Bridget Jones's Diary' was written by _______.
Helen Fielding
184
What is the significance of the New England colonies in American literature?
They were the center of early American literature.
185
Who are two key figures in early American literature?
Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Paine
186
What did Thomas Jefferson's United States Declaration of Independence signify?
His status as a key American writer
187
Fill in the blank: Walt Whitman is known for his work _______.
Leaves of Grass
188
What is notable about Emily Dickinson's poetry?
She often dwelled on death with a mischievous twist.
189
Which novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne is about adultery?
The Scarlet Letter
190
Who wrote 'Moby-Dick'?
Herman Melville
191
What style is Mark Twain known for?
Realism and humor
192
Fill in the blank: The technique called 'stream of consciousness' is associated with _______.
William Faulkner
193
Which playwright won four Pulitzer Prizes?
Eugene O'Neill
194
What major theme is present in Steinbeck's works?
Social injustice during the Great Depression
195
Which novel by Harper Lee is considered a classic of American literature?
To Kill a Mockingbird
196
What is multiculturalism in America?
The belief that immigrants should preserve their cultures while living peacefully within one nation.
197
Who won the Pulitzer Prize for 'House Made of Dawn'?
N. Scott Momaday
198
Fill in the blank: 'Roots' was written by _______.
Alex Haley
199
Name a work by Maya Angelou.
I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
200
What literary movement is characterized by experimentation and individualism?
Modernism
201
Who won the Pulitzer Prize for his novel House Made of Dawn?
N. Scott Momaday
## Footnote
He is a well-known Native American author.
202
Name three renowned African American writers.
* Langston Hughes
* Maya Angelou
* W.E.B. Dubois
203
What is the significance of Alexander Solzhenitsyn's work?
His work was banned in the Soviet Union and he won the Nobel Prize but was not allowed to collect it.
204
What is Young Adult Literature commonly referred to as?
YA
## Footnote
It is fiction written, published, or marketed to adolescents and young adults.
205
What are coming-of-age novels?
YA stories and novels that focus on the specific challenges of young adults.
206
List two early examples of literature that appealed to young readers in the nineteenth century.
* The Swiss Family Robinson (1812)
* Oliver Twist (1838)
207
Which novel published in 1937 is considered a significant work for adolescents?
The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien
208
What two novels drew the attention of adolescent readers in the 1950s?
* The Catcher in the Rye (1951)
* Lord of the Flies (1954)
209
Who is considered one of the founders of the young-adult fiction genre?
S.E. Hinton
210
What are the 'fab five' novels published in the 1970s?
* I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou
* The Friends by Rosa Guy
* The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath
* Bless the Beasts and Children by Glendon Swarthout
* Deathwatch by Robb White
211
What themes are commonly explored in Young Adult Literature?
* identity
* friendship
* race
* divorce
* money
* sexuality
* science fiction
* depression
* suicide
* drug abuse
* alcohol abuse
* familial struggles
* bullying
212
True or False: The 1970s to mid-1980s are described as the golden age of young-adult fiction.
True
213
Fill in the blank: Young Adult Literature uses a wide variety of themes to appeal to a wide variety of _______.
adolescent readers
214
What is an important aspect of characters in Young Adult Literature?
They often represent archetypes or stereotypes common to adolescents.
215
What is the oldest written story on earth?
The Epic of Gilgamesh
216
What literary elements should Secondary English teachers be knowledgeable about for the TExES exam?
* character
* plot
* setting
* simile
* metaphor
* symbolism
* allegory
217
What is an example of a literary genre that teachers should be familiar with?
Epic or Lyrical poetry
218
What kind of knowledge is important regarding multicultural literature?
Recognizing titles and authors considered multicultural.
219
What has the Young Adult Library Services Association provided for young adult literature?
A resource for titles, history, reviews, and ways to find the best novel for teens.
