Chapter 7

Question 1

Deviance

Answer 1

Traits or behaviors that violate expected rules or norms

Question 2

stigma

Answer 2

A negative label that devalues a person and changes her or his self-concept and social identity

Question 3

Crime

Answer 3

Violation of societal norms and rules for which punishment is specified by law

Question 4

Criminologists

Answer 4

Researchers who use scientific methods to study the nature, extent, cause and control of criminal behavior

Question 5

Victimization survey

Answer 5

Interviewing people about their experiences as crimes victims

Question 6

Victimless Crimes

Answer 6

Crimes that don’t have a victim (Under age drinking)

Question 7

Social Control

Answer 7

Technique and strategies that regulate peoples behaviors in society

Question 8

Sanctions

Answer 8

Rewards or punishment for obeying or violating a norm

Question 9

Anomie

Answer 9

Conditions in which people are unsure of how to behave because of absent, conflicting or confusing social norms

Question 10

Strain Theory

Answer 10

Idea that people may engage in deviant behavior when they experience a conflict between goals and the means available to obtain the goals

Question 11

White-collar crimes

Answer 11

Crimes committed in the work place at high levels

Question 12

Corporate crimes

Answer 12

(Organizational crimes) Crimes committed at the executive level

Question 13

Cybercrime

Answer 13

(Computer crimes) Illegal activities that are conducted online

Question 14

Organized crime

Answer 14

Activities of individuals and groups that supply illegal goods and services for profit

Question 15

Patriarchy

Answer 15

Hierarchical system in a society which cultural, political, and economic structure controlled by men

Question 16

Differential association theory

Answer 16

Perspective that asserts that people learn deviance through interaction

Question 17

Labeling theory

Answer 17

Perspective that holds that societys reaction to behavior is a major factor in defining oneself

Question 18

Primary Deviance

Answer 18

The initial act of breaking a rule

Question 19

Secondary Deviance

Answer 19

Rule-breaking behavior that people adopt in response to reactions of others

Question 20

Criminal Justice system

Answer 20

Government agencies including the police, courts, and prisons

Question 21

Crime control model

Answer 21

An approach that believes that crime rates increase when offenders don’t fear apprehension of punishment

Question 22

Rehabilitation

Answer 22

A social control approach that holds that appropriate treatment can change offenders into productive, law-abiding society