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Med Terms > Chapter 8 Primary Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Primary Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Oral Cavity

A

The mouth, lips, hard and soft palates, salivary glands, tongue, teeth, and peridontium

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2
Q

Palate

A

Forms the roof of the mouth, three major parts

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3
Q

Hard Palate

A

Anterior portion of the palate, area is covered by specialized mucous membrane

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4
Q

Soft Palate

A

Flexible posterior portion of the palate, closes off the nasal passage to prevent food from moving upwards

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5
Q

Uvula

A

Hangs from the free edge of the soft palate, moves upward with the soft palate,

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6
Q

Tongue

A

Strong, flexible, and muscular

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7
Q

Periodontium

A

Structures that surround, support, and are attached to the teeth

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8
Q

Gingiva

A

Specialized mucous membranes that covers the bones of the dental arches

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9
Q

Dental Arches

A

Bony structures of the oral cavity, hold the teeth in position while eating or speaking

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10
Q

Temporomandibular Joint

TMJ

A

Formed at the back of the mouth where the maxillary and mandibular arches come together

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11
Q

Dentition

A

Natural teeth arranged in the upper and lower jaws

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12
Q

Primary Dentition

Baby Teeth

A

20 teeth that show up early in childhood and slowly fall out

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13
Q

Permanent Dentition

A

32 teeth to last a lifetime

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14
Q

Occulusion

A

Used in dentistry means, the contct between chewing surfaces of the upper and lower teeth

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15
Q

Crown

A

Portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth, covered with enamel

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16
Q

Pharynx

A

Common passageway for bothrespiration and digestion

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17
Q

Lower Esophageal Sphincter

A

Cardiac Sphincter, muscular ring between the esophagus and stomach

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18
Q

Rugae

A

Folds in the mucosa lining the stomach, allow the stomach to increase and decrease in size

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19
Q

Gastric Juices

A

Made of enzymes and hydrochloric acid aid in the begining of food digestion

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20
Q

Pyloric Sphincter

A

Ring-like muscle at the base of the stomach that controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the duoendum of the small intestine

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21
Q

Pylorus

A

Narrow passage that connects the stomach with the small intestine

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22
Q

Small Intestine

A

Three sections where food is digested and the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream

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23
Q

Duodenum

A

First portion of the small intestine, extends from the pylorus of the stomavh to the jejunum

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24
Q

Jejunum

A

Middle portion of the small intestine, goes from the duodenum to the illeum

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25
Ileum
Last and longest portion of the small intestine, goes from the jejunum to the cecum of the large intestine
26
Cecum
Pouch that lies on the right side of the abdomen
27
Ileocecal Sphincter
Ring-like muscle that controls the flow from the ileum to the begining of the colon
28
Vermiform Appendix
Hangs from the lower portion of the cecum
29
Colon
Longest portion of the large intestine, 4 parts
30
Ascending Colon
Travels upward from the cecum to the undersurface of the liver
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Transverse Colon
Passes horizontally across the abdominal cavity from right to left toward the spleen
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Decending Colon
Travels down the left side of the abdominal cavity to the sigmoid colon
33
SIgmoid Colon
S-shaped structure that continues from the descending colon above and joins the rectum below
34
Rectum
Widest division of the large intestine
35
Anus
Lower opening of the digestive tract
36
Anorectal
Refers to the anus and rectum together
37
Accessory Organs
Play a key role in the digestive process but are not apart of the gastrointestinal tract
38
Liver
Largest organ in the body, removes excess glucose, secretes bile
39
Bilirubin
Pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted bile, giving it a yellow to green color
40
Biliary
Provides the channels through which bile is transported from the liver to the small intestine
41
Gallbladder
Pear-shaped organ, stores and concentrates bile for later use
42
Cholecystic
Pertaining to the gallbladder | **Cholecyst** means gallbladder, **ic** means pertaining to
43
Pancreas
Produces pancreatic juices that aid in digestion and contain digestive enzymes
43
Nutrient
Substance, usually from food that is necessary for the body to function
44
Metabolism
Includes all of the processes involved in the body's use of nutrients
45
Anabolism
Building up of body cells or sybstances from nutrients
46
Catabolism
Breaking down of body cells or substances, releasing energy and carbon dioxide
47
Absorption
Process by which completely digested nutrients are transported to the cells throughout the body
48
Mastication
Also known as chewing, breaks down food into smaller pieces
49
Bolus
Mass of food that has been chewed and is ready to be swallowed
50
Peristalsis
Wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction that moves food forward into the digestive system
51
Chyme
Semifluid mass of partly digested food that passes out of the stomach, through the pyloric sphincter and into the small intestine
52
Borborygmus
Rumbling noise caused by the movement if gas in the intestine
53
Bariatrics
Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and management of obesity and associated diseases
54
Dentist
Specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of teeth and tissues of the oral cavity
55
Gastroenterologist
Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the stomach and intestines
56
Oral or Maxillofacial Surgeon
Specializes in surgery of the face and jaws to correct deformities, treat diseases, and repair injuries
57
Orthodontist
Dental specialist who prevents or corrects malocclusion of the teeth and related facial structures
58
Periondtist
Dental specialist who prevents or treats disorders of the tissues surrounding the teeth
59
Proctologist
Physician who specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus
60
Registered Dietitian
Specialist in food and nutrition who practices medical nutrition therapy and counsels patients on improving their dietary intake
61
Canker Sore
Grat-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth
62
Cheilitis
Inflammation of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth
62
Cold Sores
Blister-like sores on the lips and adjacent facial tissue that are caused by the oral herpes simplex virus type 1
63
Leukoplakia
Abnormal white, usually benign lesion that develops on the tongue or inside of the cheek
64
Stomatitis
Inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth
65
Oral Thrush
Fungal infection in the mouth caused by *Candida Albicans*
66
Trismus | *Lockjaw*
Describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer
67
Cleft Lip
Birth defect in which there is a deep groove of the lip running upward to the nose as a result of the failure of this portion of the lip to close during prenatal development
67
Xerostomia
Lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary gland
68
Cleft Palate
Failure of the palate to close during the early development of the fetus
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Med Terms (26 decks)

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