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Agriculture Science 100 > Chapter 8-Sheep Production > Flashcards

Chapter 8-Sheep Production Flashcards

(58 cards)

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0
Q

What is the class of sheep?

A

Mammalia- suckle their young

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1
Q

What products do sheep produce

A
  1. Wool
  2. Meat
  3. Skins
  4. Milk
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2
Q

What is the sheep family

A

Bovidae- ruminant

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3
Q

What is the genus of sheep

A

Ovis

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4
Q

What is the species of sheep

A

Ovis aries

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5
Q

How are sheep classified

A
  • type of wool
  • meat type
  • color
  • horned or polled
  • adapt ability characteristics
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6
Q

What are the classifications for wool

A
  • fine wool
  • medium wool
  • long wool
  • crossbreed wool
  • hair breed
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7
Q

What does the reproduction of sheep have to do with the success of the industry

A
  • success and profitability of any sheep industry is closely related to level of lamb production
    - production costs are nearly the same if a ewe produces none or several offspring
    - fertility affects productivity
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8
Q

What is the normal breeding season for sheep

A
  • sheep are seasonal breeders

- their offspring are born at the most favorable time for the survival of the young

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9
Q

What is the age of puberty for sheep

A

5 to 12 months

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10
Q

What is an anestrous period

A

A period when ewes do not demonstrate estrus

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11
Q

What is the length between estruses

A

14 to 19 days

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12
Q

What is the duration of estrus

A

20-42 hours

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13
Q

What is the gestation period

A

143-152 days

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14
Q

How does the effect of the environment reproduction

A
  • sexual activity is dependent on the ratio of daylight to dark.
  • frequency of estrus
  • more fertile
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15
Q

What is the ram effect

A

It is the process of keeping a ram close to the ewes for about 10 to 14 days before the breeding season begins

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16
Q

What are the benefits of the ram effect

A
  • Ewes will cycle 2 weeks earlier in August instead of September
  • ewes will have synchronized cycles
  • due to the ram pheromones
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17
Q

What is flushing and what is the benefit

A

Flushing is provinding supplementation of feed two to three weeks before breeding
-increases the number of ovulation which increases the number if lambs born

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18
Q

How many ewes should a well-matured ram lamb mate

A

10-30

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19
Q

How many ewes should a yearling to 5 years mate

A

25-50

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20
Q

How many ewes should a six year to older produce

A

They are suited for hand breeding or pastures only

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21
Q

How does temperature effect reproduction in rams

A

Hot temperatures can reduce fertility

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22
Q

How long does it take for the formation and development of spermatozoa

A

6-7 weeks

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23
Q

When is semen testing recommended

Study These Flashcards
A

-recommended for producer who uses one or two rams

24
Describe ewe management during gestation
- exercise - put water at one end of the pasture and feed on the other end - feeding - supplemental feeding - feed concentrate ration last three to four weeks - developing fetus gains 2/3 of birth weight the last 6 weeks of gestation - ewe should gain 20 to 30 pounds
25
What does inadequate nutrition during the last 6 weeks of pregnant result in
- pregnancy disease - lower birth rates - weaker lambs - infant lamb mortality - slower gaining lambs - lower milk yields
26
What are the advantages of shearing a sheep before lambing
- shorn ewes seek shelter during poor climate to lamb - easier to spot ewes close to lambing and udder problems - more ewes in a limited space - higher value wool clip is obtained
27
What are disadvantages of shearing before lambing
- a good building is essential for bad weather - additional feed is required during cold weather - ewes handled roughly too close to lambing early May lamb prematurely
28
How should the lambing quarter be
- should be draft free - lambing pens - should have about ten ewes to one lambing pen
29
Management during lambing
- make use of lambing jugs - watch ewe closely and assist if necessary - examine ewes that have been in hard labor for an hour without any progress
30
What causes difficult lambing
- large lamb - small pelvic area - ewe's cervix fails to dilate - breech birth - one or both legs bent back - head bent back - if he ewe is carrying two or more lambs they may become tangled
31
What happens after the ewe lambs
- place her and her lambs in a lambing pen - check the udder to see if colostrum is available and check that udders are open - make sure ewe owns her lambs and allows them to nurse - help lambs nurse if they are weak or use a stomach tube - supply a heat lamp is cold
32
When do labs need colostrum?
6 to 12 hours after birth
33
What is colostrum is not available for the lamb
- graft the lamb into another ewe | - feed the lamb artificially
34
What are the methods for grafting
- slime graft - wet graft - stanchion - lamb coat
35
What is a slime graft
- cover the lamb with placental fluids from ewe you plan on grafting lamb to. - tie grafted lamb and the ewe's lamb together - untie once both lambs are standing
36
What is the wet graft
-soak both lambs in a saturated salt solution and put Vicks vapor rub on the ewe's nose
37
What is a stanchion
- keep the ewe in a stanchion for 3 to 5 days | - do not clean pen much during that time so lambs will smell like ewe
38
What is the lamb coat
- only to be done if the ewe's own lamb dies - remove pelt of dead lamb as one piece and put on lamb to be grafted - remove pelt after ewe claims grafted lamb (3-4 days)
39
What are lambs out on if grafting does not work
- lamb replacer - goat's milk - occasionally cow's milk( less fat)
40
Why are sheep docked
- cleaner - breeding and lambing - more uniform - tail is non-marketable
41
Why are rams castrated
- unwanted pregnancies | - not as marketable is kept as ram
42
When are rams docked
- 14-30 days of age - preform both at the same time - there is less bleeding and lambs heal more quickly when procedures are done at an early age.
43
When does a ewe reach peak milk production
- four weeks after lambing | - milk production begins to decrease after 4 weeks
44
When are lambs weaned
60 to 90 days
45
What is creep feeding
Provides supplemental feed for lambs during the nursing period -only small amounts of feed are consumed until 4 weeks old
46
When should the creep feeder be available
7 to 10 days of age
47
What is the slaughter process
- similar to beef - pelt is taken off by fisking - hands between pelt and carcass - split breast bone - wash - carcass is called lamb are mutton depending on age
48
How long should a carcass cool
24 to 72 hours
49
What is the dressing percent
46% to 53%
50
What are the wholesale cuts
- same as beef except - breast - ribs-rack of lamb
51
What are the by-products
- pulled wool skins | - chamois skins
52
What is the total income for fleece
30%-40%
53
What percentage of the world's wool does the us produce
10%
54
Talk about shearing.
- March to July - use electric clippers - black fiber contaminates - fleece removed as one piece
55
What are the attributes of wool for grading
- length - diameter - fineness - crimp - strength - color - luster
56
What are the two classes of fabrics and describe them
Worsted-not prickly, all fibers go one way, can wear on skin, and most valuable Woolen-shorter fibers and stick out
57
What is the difference between mutton and lamb
Lamb-1 year of age or less -the break joint is cartilaginous of the cannon bone is not ossified Mutton-over 1 year of age -this break joint ossifies with age to become what is called a spool joint.

Agriculture Science 100 (12 decks)

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