Chapter 9 Energy and Life

Question 1

What work does a cell/living thing have?

Answer 1

Movement, E Transformation, Exchange gasses, Ingestion/digestion, Hydrate, Excretion, Maintain body temp, Adapt to environment, Reproduction (though no required its still important, Homeostasis)

Question 2

How do livings things store energy?

Answer 2

E is stored in bonds of chemical compounds

Question 3

ATP

Answer 3

(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work

Question 4

What is ATP composed of

Answer 4

Ribose - 5 carbon sugar

Question 5

How do cells use ATP?

Answer 5

Cells use ATP for functions such as building molecules and moving materials by active transport, cell movement, molecule synthetization.

Question 6

Heterotroph

Answer 6

An organism that cannot make its own food.

Question 7

Autotroph

Answer 7

An organism that makes its own food

Question 8

Herbivore

Answer 8

A consumer that eats only plants.

Question 9

Carnivore

Answer 9

A consumer that eats only animals.

Question 10

Omnivore

Answer 10

An animal that eats both plants and animals

Question 11

Scavengers and decomposers

Answer 11

organisms that feed off of other dead organisms

Question 12

Chemosynthesis

Answer 12

process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates

Question 13

white light

Answer 13

combination of all colors

Question 14

visible light spectrum

Answer 14

the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye

Question 15

Why do we see plants as green?

Answer 15

Plants absorb all of the colors except green, which it reflects.

Question 16

photosynthetic pigments

Answer 16

Chemicals that absorb light energy and use it to carry out photosynthesis. Contained in thylakoid membranes in chloroplast. Examples are chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids

Question 17

Chlorophyll

Answer 17

A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria

Question 18

Carotene

Answer 18

yellow to orange pigment that appears in the fall after the Chlorophyll deteriorates in the colder temperatures of fall.

Question 19

Chlroplast

Answer 19

an organelle found only in plants used to capture sunlight for photosynthesis

Question 20

high energy electrons

Answer 20

electrons that can yield energy as they pass through an electron transport chain

Question 21

NADP+

Answer 21

carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules

Question 22

light-dependent reactions

Answer 22

reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

Question 23

Light Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

Answer 23

set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle