Chapter 9 - Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
(26 cards)
1
Q
Motivation
A
- The process by which activities are started, Directed, and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met.
2
Q
Extrinsic motivation
A
- Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separated from or external to that person.
3
Q
Intrinsic motivation
A
- Type of motivation in which a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner.
4
Q
Instincts
A
- Biologically determines and innate patterns of behavior that exist in both people and animals.
5
Q
Need
A
- Requirement of some material (such as food or water) that is essential for survival of the organism.
6
Q
Drive
A
- A psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension.
7
Q
Drive-reduction theory
A
- Approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal.
8
Q
Primary Drives
A
- Those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst.
9
Q
Acquired (secondary) drives
A
- Drives that are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for money or social approval.
10
Q
Homeostasis
A
- The tendency of the body to maintain a steady state.
11
Q
Need for affiliation (nAff)
A
- Need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others.
12
Q
Need for power (nPow)
A
- Need to have control or influence over others.
13
Q
Need for achievement (nAch)
A
- need that involves a strong desire to succeed in attaining goals, not only realistic ones but also challenging ones.
14
Q
Stimulus motive
A
- Motive that appears to be unlearned but causes an increase in stimulation, such as curiosity.
15
Q
Arousal theory
A
- Theory of motivation - people are said to have optimal (best or ideal) level of tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation.
16
Q
Yerkes-Dodson Law
A
- Law stating that when tasks are simple, a higher level of arousal wads to better performance; when tasks are difficult, lower levels of arousal lead to better performance.
17
Q
Sensation seeker
A
- Someone who needs more arousal than the average person.
18
Q
Incentives
A
- Things that attract or lure people into action.
19
Q
Incentive approaches
A
- theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and it’s rewarding properties.
20
Q
Self-actualization
A
- According to Maslow, the point that is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential.
21
Q
Peak experience
A
-According to Maslow, times in a person’s life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved.
22
Q
Self-determination theory (SDT)
A
- Theory of human motivation in which the social context of an action has an effect on the type of motivation existing for the action.
23
Q
Factors of obesity
A
- Hereditary, hormones, overeating, stress, and slow metabolism.
24
Q
Emotion
A
- “feeling” aspect of consciousness, characterized by a certain physical arousal, a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world, and an inner awareness of feelings.
25
Display rules
- Learned ways of controlling displays of emotion in social settings.
26
Five steps of GTD method (getting things done)
- 1. Get anything out of head that has your attention and physically collect it in one place. (Notebook, folder, etc. )
2. Process and define what you can take action on and identify the steps. (Ex. Schedule meeting to discuss ideas instead of schedule meeting.)
3. Organize information and reminders into categories or contexts, based on how and when you need them.
4. Complete weekly reviews of projects, next actions, and new items that need to get done.
5. Do next action in appropriate context or time frame for doing so.
