Chapter 9: Muscle System Flashcards
(46 cards)
What facial muscles are involved in smiling?
Zygomaticus major and minor muscles
What facial muscle is involved in frowning?
Depressor anguli oris
What are the muscles involved in respiration?
Diaphragm and internal and external intercostals
How do the pectoralis muscles affect the shoulder or arm?
The pectoralis major is a synergist that adducts the arm at the shoulder
What are the pectoralismajor and the deltoid in relation to eachother?
They are antagonists
What does the deltoid do?
Abducts the arm
What muscles adduct the thigh?
The adductor longus, brevis and magnus as well as the gracilis
What are the 4 quad muscles?
The rectus femoris, the vastus lateralis, intermedius and medialis
What are the 3 hamstring muscles?
Semitendonosus, semi membranosus and biceps femoris
How does the gastrocnemius affect the lag and foot?
It induces hip flexion,knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion
How does the soleus affect the leg and foot?
It is opposite of gastrocnemius and acts as a knee extensor and an ankle plantar flexor
What are the 5 muscle shapes?
Parallel, convergent and pennate circular and fusiform
What’s the longest muscle in the body?
Sartorius parallel
What is a fascicle?
A group of fibers
What covers a fascicle?
The perimysium
What does the endomysium cover?
Fibers
What are sphincters?
Circular arrangements that surround body openings
What do synergists do?
They aid agonists by adding force
What do antagonists do?
They allow for modulation and control of agonists
What do agonists do?
They provide the most force for given actions
What do fixators do?
They keep muscles grounded
Difference between origin and insertion points
Origin is the anchoring point of the muscle and insertion is the moving point
Where is the levator anguli oris found?
Around the mouth
What is the buccinator used for?
Chewing
