Chapter 9 Powerpoint pt. 4 Flashcards Preview

Criminal Justice 130 Survey of Criminal Law > Chapter 9 Powerpoint pt. 4 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 9 Powerpoint pt. 4 Deck (26)
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1
Q

American common law did not recognize the defense of __________.

A

entrapment

2
Q

American _______ ____ did not recognize the defense of entrapment.

A

common law

3
Q

American common law did not recognize the defense of entrapment until in _____, in Sorrells v. United States.

A

1932

4
Q

American common law did not recognize the defense of entrapment until in 1932, in ________ v _____.

A

Sorrells v. United States

5
Q

Why does the government rely on undercover strategies?

A

(1) Crime detection
(2) Preserving Resources
(3) Deterrence

6
Q

What are some of the criticisms to entrapment?

A

(1) The government may “manufacture crime” by otherwise innocent individuals
(2) The government may lose respect by engaging in lawbreaking
(3) Informants who infiltrate criminal organizations may be criminals whose own criminal activity is often overlooked in exchange for assistance
(4) Innocent individuals are often approached in order to test their moral virtue and likely would not have committed a crime had they not been approached

7
Q

What are the two type of tests for entrapment?

A

(1) Subjective (Predisposition) Test

(2) Objective Test

8
Q

Which type of test for entrapment is this: focuses on the defendant

A

Subjective (Predisposition) Test

9
Q

Which type of test for entrapment is this: did defendant possess a predisposition to commit the crime whether or not the government created the offense

A

Subjective (Predisposition) Test

10
Q

Which type of test for entrapment is this: focuses on the conduct of the government

A

Objective Test

11
Q

Which type of test for entrapment is this: did the conduct of the government fall below standards to which common feelings respond

A

Objective Test

12
Q

What are the practices prohibited under the objective test?

A

(1) Taking advantage of a weakness
(2) Repeated appeals to friendship, sympathy
(3) Promising substantial economic gain
(4) Pressure or threats
(5) Providing the equipment required for carrying out a crime
(6) False representations designed to induce a belief that the conduct is not prohibited

13
Q

What are some of the new defenses used?

A

(1) Biological Defenses
(2) Psychological Defenses
(3) Sociological Defenses
(4) Cultural Defenses

14
Q

Which type of defenses are biological defenses?

A

(1. 1) XYY Chromosome
(1. 2) Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
(1. 3) Postpartum Psychosis
(1. 4) Environmental Defense

15
Q

____ ___________ Defense– based on research that indicates that a large percentage of male prison inmates possess an extra Y chromosome that results in enhanced “maleness.”

A

XYY Chromosome

16
Q

__________ ________ (_____) – PMS has been invoked by defendants who contend that they suffered from severe pain and distress that drove them to act in a violent fashion.

A

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

17
Q

_________ ________ – caused by a drop in the hormonal level following the birth of a child that can result in depression, suicide, delusions, hallucinations, and violence.

A

Postpartum Psychosis

18
Q

What type of defenses are psychological defenses?

A

(1) Brainwashing

2) Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD

19
Q

___________– when an individual claims to have been placed under the mental control of others and to have lost the capacity to make independent decisions.

A

Brainwashing

20
Q

What type of defenses are sociological defenses?

A

(1) Black Rage
(2) Urban Survivor
(3) Media Intoxication
(4) Rotten Social Background
(5) Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSD)

21
Q

_____ _____ – a defense of extreme racial stress precipitated by the destructive racial treatment of African Americans.

A

Black Rage

22
Q

_______ _________ – the contention that young people living in poor and violent urban areas do not receive adequate police protection and develop a heightened awareness and fear of threats

A

Urban Survivor

23
Q

______ ___________ – criminal conduct is caused by “intoxication” from television and pornography.

A

Media Intoxication

24
Q

_______ ______ __________ – criminal conduct that is a result of an irresistible impulse that resulted from a socially deprived childhood.

A

Rotten Social Background

25
Q

______ ______ – a legal defense in which defendants claim that the crimes which they are charged result from their own victimization and that they should not be held responsible.

A

Abuse excuse

26
Q

Which case exemplified the cultural defense?

A

State v. Kargar