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micro exam 3 > Childhood Viral Diseases > Flashcards

Childhood Viral Diseases Flashcards

(132 cards)

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1
Q

Measles Virus Causes

A

Measles

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2
Q

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Causes

A

Croup
Bronchitis
Respiratory tract infection

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3
Q

Varicella Zoster Virus Causes

A

Chickenpox

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4
Q

Rotavirus Causes

A

Gastroenteritis

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5
Q

Poliovirus causes

A

Gastroenteritis

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6
Q

what type of virus is the measles virus

A

Paramyxovirus

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7
Q

Genome of the measles virus

A

(-)ssRNA

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8
Q

Virion of the measles Virus

A

Enveloped

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9
Q

Proteins of the Measles virus

A 
L - polymerase
P (C&V)-phosphoprotein
H - Hemagllutinin
F - Fusion
M - Matrix
N - nucleocapsid
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10
Q

what type of protein do all Paramyxoviruses have

A

membrane fusion proteins

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11
Q

where does the measles virus replicate

A

in the cell and in the cytoplasm

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12
Q

what causes syncytia formation in the measles virus

A

Fusion protein

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13
Q

how does Measles virus leave the cell

A

Budding because it is enveloped

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14
Q

how does measles get in the body

A

Inhalation of aerosolized droplets

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15
Q

incubation period of measles

A

10-14 days

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16
Q

where does the primary measles infection occur

A

in respiratory epithelial tissues

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17
Q

the primary measles infection

A

Primary Viremia

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18
Q

when does symptoms begin for measles

A

Coincides with second round of virus replication

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19
Q

what are the trasnfer steps of measles around the body to eventually get to seconday viremia

A

in LN, tonsils, lungs, Gi, and speen

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20
Q

the 2nd round of measles virus replication

A

Seconday Viremia

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21
Q

Recovery time from measles

A

20 days after infection

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22
Q

what is the most deadly childhood rash/fever illness

A

Measles

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23
Q

clinical symptoms of measles (secondary Viremia)

A

Fever, Cough, Conjunctivitus
Koplik’s spots
Rash

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24
Q

Characterisitic rash of Mealses results from

A

Virus and Immune response damage to epithelial and endothelial cells

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25
Immune suppression by measles
Interference with CD46 and signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) receptors
26
opportunistic infections due to measles
Streptococcus pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus Haemophilus influenzae
27
who with measles may also become blind
Vitamin A deficent children
28
demyelinating disease due to measles
Acute disseminated encphalomyelitis(ADEM)
29
commonnes of ADEM
rare, 1:1000 children
30
progressive neurological deterioration due to measles
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)
31
commoness of SSPE
very rare 1:1000000 children
32
Symptoms of Measles
2-3 days fever+ cough, coryza and conjunctivitis | Rash: Koplik spots
33
small bright red spots with bluish centers on buccal mucosa ... patognomonic for measles
Koplik spots
34
how to diagnose measles in the laboratory
Virus isolation in culture (hard) Serology ELISA, RT_PCR
35
contagiousness of measles
one of the most contagious diseases | number of cases from one illness in a naive pop is 15-20
36
when are people with measles infectious
2-3 days prior to rash
37
hosts of measles
just humans
38
preventing measles
Vaccination Vitamin A reduces severity no antivirals
39
how long deas the measles vaccine provide immunity
Life long
40
what kind of vaccine is the measles vaccine
live attenuated vaccine
41
safety of measles vaccine
autism and colitis correlation retracted
42
Measles in the world
declared eliminated in the US in 2000, but is found in other countries. measles continues to be introduced to the US through international travel
43
cases of measles in 2011
222
44
outbreaks of measles
17 year old visited longon, came back and caused 58 cases for non vaccinated people someone visited india, 22 cases resulted, most not vacinated, 3 had the vacine
45
what type of virus is Respiratory Syncytial Virus
PAramyxovirus
46
genome of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
(-)ssRNA
47
Virion of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
enveloped
48
Proteins of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
``` L - Polymerase G - Glycoprotein F - fusion M - matrix P - phosphoprotein N - nucleocapsid NS1&NS2 - replication and immune response ```
49
where does Respiratory Syncytial Virus replicate
in the cell - simialr to measles
50
what does Respiratory Syncytial Virus infect
limited to the ciliated cells in the respiratory tract epithelium
51
what does the Fusion protein of Respiratory Syncytial Virus create
syncytia
52
how does Respiratory Syncytial Virus leave the cellular surface
budding
53
The most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory tract infections
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
54
How does Respiratory Syncytial Virus establish itself
infection by inhalation of aerosol, formites
55
where does Respiratory Syncytial Virus replicate
limited to the respiratory tract
56
incubation period of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
4-5 days
57
symptoms of Respiratory Syncytial Virus after incubation
lower respiratory tract symptoms 1-3 days after upper respiratory tract symptoms
58
when do you recover from Respiratory Syncytial Virus
7-12 days after symptom onset
59
Who can Respiratory Syncytial Virus infect
infects humans, and not other animals
60
does infection by Respiratory Syncytial Virus lead to life long immunity
no, because infants have immature immune system infection limited to respiratory tract epithelial cells where IgA response is short lived VIrus can change its surface proteins easily
61
why does Respiratory Syncytial Virus result in a slow immune response
low cytotoxicity
62
risk factors for Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection
Attending day care | School age siblings
63
risk factors for a severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus disease
premature birth male second hand exposure to tobacco smoke lack of breast feeding
64
prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Ribavirin administered by inhalation No Vaccine Passive immunoprophylaxis
65
Vaccine progress for Respiratory Syncytial Virus
in development Formalin anactivated vaccine not successful Challenge to immunize infants who are at the greatest risk
66
the passive immunoprophylaxis agent for Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Palivizumab - humanized monoclonal antibody
67
how does passive immunoprophylaxis work to fight Respiratory Syncytial Virus
targets F protein
68
how often do you take Palivizumab to fight Respiratory Syncytial Virus
IM once a month
69
what type of virus is Varicella Zoster Virus
Alphaherpesvirus
70
genome of Varicella Zoster Virus
large, dsDNA
71
Virion of Varicella Zoster Virus
enveloped
72
Proteins of Varicella Zoster Virus
hundreds
73
Replication area for Varicella Zoster Virus
in the cell (active cell) going into the nucleus
74
What does Varicella Zoster Virus infect first
Infects neighboring cells first
75
what does Varicella Zoster Virus create in a resting cell (neuron)
a latent infection
76
genome shape of a latent infection by Varicella Zoster Virus
circular
77
how does Varicella Zoster Virus get into the cell
membrane fusion
78
how does Varicella Zoster Virus get out of the cell
budding
79
how do you get Chickenpox(Varicella Zoster Virus)
inhalation of aeroslized droplets
80
incubation period of Varicella Zoster Virus
10-21 days
81
symptomes of Varicella Zoster Virus
Fever, malaise, headache Rash 1-2 days after symptom onset Rash progesses for 3-6 days
82
where does the Varicella Zoster Virus Rash hand out
scalp, face, trunk
83
recovery from Varicella Zoster Virus
2 weeks post symptom onset
84
how does one recover from Varicella Zoster Virus
cell mediated immunity
85
Reactivation of latent Varicella Zoster Virus infection leads to
shingles
86
are shingles the same as small pox
no (shingles on torso, smallpox on extremities)
87
Preventing Chickenpox
Vaccination | Anticirals
88
how long does Chickenpox vaccine work
life long immunity
89
vaccine for chickenpox type
Live attenuated vaccine
90
antiviral for chickenpox
acyvlovir
91
how does acyclovir work
interferes with genome replication
92
what does Acyclovir not do
cannot elimiate latent virus | does not prevent infection of cells
93
problem with Acylovir in future
drug resistance is being observed
94
what type of virus is Poliovirus
Picornavirus
95
Genome of Poliovirus
(+)ssRNA
96
Virion of PolioVirus
Non-enveloped
97
Proteins of Poliovirus
Capsid - VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4 | Non-structureal - proteases, polymerase, others...
98
Where does the Poliovirus replicated
in the cell
99
how does the Poliovirus get in the cell
Creates pore in cell membrane
100
where is Poliovirus normally found
endemic areas such that infection are most common in naive children
101
how does one get poliovirus
infection by ingestion of material containing virus
102
TCID50 of Poliovirus
100
103
where does primary infection of Poliovirus occure
in Peyer's patches of small intestin
104
Primary replication of Poliovirus leads to
Minor Viremia
105
Secondary repliation of Poliovirus
Major Viremia
106
how does one get rid of Poliovirus in the GI tract
Fecal Shedding of Virus for 6 weeks
107
travel of Poliovirus
goes into Peyers pathes, then lymph nodes, followed by blood stream and then possibly the CNS
108
how many people with poliovirus have CNS infections
1:200
109
Risk factors for Poliovirus in the CNS
Physical exertion Trauma Tonsillectomy
110
where in the CNS does Poliovirus replicate
gray matter of brain and spinal cord
111
CNS poliovirus symptoms
Limb paralysis from anterior horn cell damage | Respiratory paralysis from damage to medulla oblongata
112
How to prevent Poliovirus
Vaccines (Salk and Sabin)
113
Salk Poliovirus vaccine
killed (less side effects)
114
Sabin Poliovirus vaccine
live attenuated (more strength, more antibody creation)
115
how can get poliovirus
Humans, no animal reservoir
116
What type of virus is Rotavirus
Reoviridae
117
Genome of Rotavirus
dsRNA, 11 segments
118
Virion of Rotavirus
Non-enveloped
119
Proteins of Rotavirus
``` VP1 - Polymerase VP2 - RNA binding VP3 - transferase VP4 - attachment and fusion Other structural and non-structural proteins ```
120
capside number of Rotavirus
3 capsides
121
where does the Rotavirus replicate
in cell
122
how does Rotavirus get into cell
enters via and endosome endosome forms due to virus attachment to cell drop of pH First layer disolved by proteases in the endosome fusion proteins exposed and Membrane disruption occures, dumping nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm
123
is the genome of Rotavirus exposed
no, because dsRNA is not normal and the Cell with try and destroy the dsRNA or do apoptosis
124
How does Rotavirus infect
Ingestion of material containing the virus
125
Incubation period of Rotavirus
VOmiting and fever
126
symptoms of rotavirus
Vomiting and Fever | Diarrhea 2-3 days after fever, lasting 3-8 days
127
how long does Rotavirus shed
weeks before symptom onset, and days after recover
128
who gest the most sever rotavirus
5-24 months old
129
diagnosing Rotavirus
Antigens in stool
130
PReventing Rotavirus
Infact Vaccines No antivirals Hygiene- hand washing
131
Treating Rotavirus
oral Rehydration
132
Vaccines for Rotavirus
RotaTeq - merck: 2,4,6 months | Rotarix - GlaxoSmithKline - 2,4 months

micro exam 3 (15 decks)

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