Chp 15 Flashcards
FDBBJSHBUHBULZDFHBDUH (21 cards)
The ability to cause disease is known as _______
Pathogenicity
The degree of pathogenicity is called _____
Virulence
The number of pathogens needed to infect 50% of a test population is known as ______
The amount of substance able to cause death within 50% of the population is known as ______
ID50
LD50
Adhesions on the pathogen are known as _____
Ligands
The process in which almost all pathogens attach to host tissues is called _____
Adhesions
What allows attachment to host cells?
Opa protein
What resists digestion and is a waxy lipid?
Mycolic acid
Poisonous substances produced by microorganisms are called ________
Toxins
The ability of a microorganism to produce a toxin is called ________
Toxigenecity
The presence of toxin without microbial growth is called ______
Intoxication
The presence of toxin in the host’s blood is called _________
Toxemia
Antibodies against specific exotoxins is called _____
Antitoxin
Toxins containing an enzyme component and a binding component is called _______
A-B toxins
What kills phagocytic leukocytes?
Leukocidins
What kills erythrocytes by forming protein channels?
Hemolysin
What are hemolysins produced by streptococci?
Streptolysin
The portion of lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria is called ______
Lipid A
What is antigenic variation and how does this help pathogens survive?
When pathogens alter their surface antigens and antibodies are rendered ineffective
What toxins are produced by fungi?
- Ergot (alkaloid toxin causes hallucinations)
- Aflatoxin (carcinogenic toxin caused by Aspergillus)
- Mycotoxins (produced by neurotoxic mushrooms Phalloidin and amanitin)
What are saxitoxins?
A neurotoxin produced by algae
How do helminths destroy the host?
They use the host tissue for growth and produce large masses that cause cellular damage
