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Chp 15 Flashcards

FDBBJSHBUHBULZDFHBDUH (21 cards)

1
Q

The ability to cause disease is known as _______

A

Pathogenicity

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2
Q

The degree of pathogenicity is called _____

A

Virulence

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3
Q

The number of pathogens needed to infect 50% of a test population is known as ______

The amount of substance able to cause death within 50% of the population is known as ______

A

ID50

LD50

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4
Q

Adhesions on the pathogen are known as _____

A

Ligands

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5
Q

The process in which almost all pathogens attach to host tissues is called _____

A

Adhesions

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6
Q

What allows attachment to host cells?

A

Opa protein

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7
Q

What resists digestion and is a waxy lipid?

A

Mycolic acid

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8
Q

Poisonous substances produced by microorganisms are called ________

A

Toxins

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9
Q

The ability of a microorganism to produce a toxin is called ________

A

Toxigenecity

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10
Q

The presence of toxin without microbial growth is called ______

A

Intoxication

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11
Q

The presence of toxin in the host’s blood is called _________

A

Toxemia

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12
Q

Antibodies against specific exotoxins is called _____

A

Antitoxin

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13
Q

Toxins containing an enzyme component and a binding component is called _______

A

A-B toxins

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14
Q

What kills phagocytic leukocytes?

A

Leukocidins

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15
Q

What kills erythrocytes by forming protein channels?

A

Hemolysin

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16
Q

What are hemolysins produced by streptococci?

17
Q

The portion of lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria is called ______

18
Q

What is antigenic variation and how does this help pathogens survive?

A

When pathogens alter their surface antigens and antibodies are rendered ineffective

19
Q

What toxins are produced by fungi?

A
  • Ergot (alkaloid toxin causes hallucinations)
  • Aflatoxin (carcinogenic toxin caused by Aspergillus)
  • Mycotoxins (produced by neurotoxic mushrooms Phalloidin and amanitin)
20
Q

What are saxitoxins?

A

A neurotoxin produced by algae

21
Q

How do helminths destroy the host?

A

They use the host tissue for growth and produce large masses that cause cellular damage