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Medical Terminology > Chpt 18 > Flashcards

Chpt 18 Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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2
Q

adrenal/o

A

adrenal gland

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3
Q

gonad/o

A

sex glands (ovaries and testes)

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4
Q

-tropin

A

to act on

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5
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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6
Q

parathyroid/o

A

parathyroid

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7
Q

pituitar/o

A

pituitary gland

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8
Q

thyr/o

A

thyroid gland

*also thryroid/o

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9
Q

thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

*also thyr/o

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10
Q

andr/o

A

male

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11
Q

calc/o, calci/o

A

calcium

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12
Q

cortic/o

A

cortex, outer region

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13
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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14
Q

dips/o

A

thirst

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15
Q

estr/o

A

female

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16
Q

gluc/o

A

sugar

*also glyc/o

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17
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar

*also gluc/o

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18
Q

home/o

A

sameness

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19
Q

-stasis

A

to control

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20
Q

hormon/o

A

hormone

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21
Q

kak/i

A

potassium

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22
Q

lact/o

A

milk

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23
Q

myx/o

A

mucus

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24
Q

-in

A

substance

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25
prolactin
substance before milk
26
myxedema
collection of mucus
27
natr/o
sodium
28
phys/o
growing
29
somat/o
body
30
ster/o
solid-structure
31
toc/o
childbirth
32
oxy-
rapid, sharp, acid
33
toxic/o
poison
34
ur/o
urine
35
-agon
assemble, gather together
36
-emia
blood condition
37
-ine
substance
38
-tropin
stimulating the function of (to turn or act on)
39
-uria
urine condition
40
eu-
good, normal
41
hyper-
excessive, above
42
hypo-
deficient, below
43
pan-
all
44
hyperthyroidism
overactivity of the thyroidggland; thyrotoxicosis | -(graves disease) causes exophthalmos and goiter
45
exophthalmos
- protrusion of the eyeballs | - due to hyperthyroidism (grave's disease)
46
Graves disease
-most common form of hyperthyroidism
47
adrenal virilism
excessive secretion of adrenal androgens
48
Cushing syndrome
Group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex. -obesity, fullness of face, fat in thoracic region of back (buffalo hump), hyperglycemia, hypernatremia, hypokalemia, osteoporosis, virilization, hypertension.
49
Addison disease
Hypo-functioning of the adrenal cortex
50
Pheochromocytoma
Benign tumor of the adrenal medulla | -tumor cells stain a dark (phe/o) color (chrom/o)
51
diabetes mellitus (DM)
Lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells. - Mellitus means sweet - Type 1 and 2
52
Type 1 diabetes
- type of diabetes mellitus | - autoimmune disease
53
Type 2 diabetes
- type of diabetes mellitus | - patients older than type 1 and its familial
54
Secondary (long term) complications of diabetes mellitus
- may appear years after development of diabetes - diabetic retinopathy --> vision loss - diabetic nephropathy --> destr of kidneys - atherosclerosis --> stroke, ischemia, heart disease - diabetic neuropathy --> destr of nerves - gastropariesis --> paralysis of GI (loss of gastric motility)
55
gestational diabetes
-result of hormonal changes during pregnancy
56
acromegaly
Hypersecretion of growth hormone from anterior pituitary AFTER puberty, leading to enlargement of extremities
57
gigantism
Hyper secretion of growth hormone from anterior pituitary BEFORE puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues
58
panhypopituitarism
Deficiency in all pituitary hormones
59
syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)
Excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
60
diabetes insipidus (DI)
Insufficient secretion of ADH (vasopressin), so kidneys can't retain water --> polyuria, polydipsia -Insipidus = tastless
61
ACTH
adrenocorticotropic hormone
62
ADH
anti-diuretic hormone (vasopressin)
63
DI
diabetes insipidus
64
DKA
diabetic ketoacidosis
65
DM
diabetes mellitus
66
FBG
fasting blood glucose
67
FBS
fasting blood sugar
68
FSH
follicle stimulating hormone
69
GH
growth hormone
70
HbA(1c)/ HBA1C test
test for presence of glucose attached to hemoglobin
71
hCG/ HCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
72
LH
luteinizing hormone
73
OT
oxytocin
74
OXT
oxytocin
75
PRL
prolactin
76
PTH
parathyroid hormone (parathormone)
77
SIADH
syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
78
T3
triiodothyronine
79
T4
thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine)
80
TSH
thyroid-stimulating hormone
81
abnormal condition (poison) of they thyroid gland
thyrotoxicosis
82
removal of the pancreas
pancreatectomy
83
condition of deficiency or underdevelopment of the sex organs
hypogonadism
84
pertaining to producing female (characteristics)
estrogenic
85
removal of the pituitary gland
hypophysectomy
86
deficiency of calcium in the blood
hypocalcemia
87
excessive sugar in the blood
hyperglycemia
88
inflammation of the thyroid gland
thyroiditis
89
specialist in the study of hormone disorders
endocrinologist
90
hyponatremia
condition of deficient sodium in the blood
91
polydipsia
condition of increased thirst
92
hyperkalemia
condition of excessive potassium in the blood
93
glycosuria
condition of sugar in the urine
94
euthyroid
normal thyroid
95
hyperthyroidism (word)
condition of excessive thyroid hormone
96
tetany
constant muscle contraction (result of hypoparathyroidism)
97
ketoacidosis
condition of excessive ketones (acids) in blood | -result of diabetes mellitus
98
Phyllis was diagnosed with Graves disease when her husband notices her (panhypopituitarism, hirtuism, exophthalmos). Her eyes were bulging out
-exophthalmos
99
Helen had a primary brain tumor called (pituitary, thyroid, adrenal) adenoma. Her entire endocrine system was disrupted, and her physician recommended surgery and radiation therapy to relive her symptoms.
pituitary
100
Bobby was brought into the ER bc he was found passed out in the kitchen. He had forgotten his insulin and had developed (Cushing disease, hyperparathyroidism, diabetic ketoacidosis)
-diabetic ketoacidosis
101
Bc her 1-hr test of blood sugar was slightly abnormal, Selma's obstetrician ordered a (glucose tolerance test, thyroid function test, Pap smear) to rule out gestational (hyperthyroidism, chlamydial infection, diabetes)
- glucose tolerance test | - diabetes
102
Mary notices that she had gained weight recently and that her face had a moon-like fullness with new heavy hair growth. Blood and urine tests showed excessive secretion of adrenal (mineralcorticoids, catecholamines, glucocorticoids). Her diagnostic work-up included a/an (CT scan of the abdomen, MRI study of the head, chest x-ray), which revealed enlargement of both (kidneys, adrenal glands, lobes of the brain). Her doctor made the diagnosis of (Graves disease, Cushing syndrome, Addison disease).
- mineralcorticoids - CT of the abdomen - adrenal glands - Cushing syndrome

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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